ʻO ka waika Perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) (conjugate base perfluorooctanoate), i ʻike ʻia ʻo C8, he waika carboxylic perfluorinated synthetic a me ka fluorosurfactant.ʻO kekahi noi ʻoihana e like me ka surfactant i ka polymerization emulsion o nā fluoropolymers.Ua hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā waiwai kūʻai kaulana e like me polytetrafluoroethylene (ʻike ʻia ʻo polymer).Ua hana ʻia ʻo PFOA mai ka makahiki 1940 i ka nui o nā ʻoihana.Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka degradation o precursors e like me kekahi mau fluorotelomers.
Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo PTFE mai ka makahiki 1940.Nui kona hoʻohana ʻana no ka mea paʻa loa ia (ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopili me nā mea kemika ʻē aʻe) a hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi ʻili liʻiliʻi ʻole.Ua kamaʻāina ka hapa nui o ka poʻe iā ia ma ke ʻano he ʻili pani non-stick no nā pā a me nā mea kuke ʻē aʻe.Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā huahana ʻē aʻe, e like me nā pale lole.
ʻO ka waika Perfluorooctanoic (PFOA), i kapa ʻia ʻo C8, he mea hana kemika ʻē aʻe.Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana i ka polymer a me nā kinikona like (i ʻike ʻia he fluorotelomers), ʻoiai ua puhi ʻia i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana a ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā huina nui i nā huahana hope.
Hiki i ka PFOA ke lilo i mea mālama ola no ka mea hiki ke noho i loko o ke kaiapuni a i ke kino o ke kanaka no ka manawa lōʻihi.Ua ʻike nā haʻawina aia ia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa ma nā pae haʻahaʻa loa i loko o ke koko o kēlā me kēia kanaka.Ua ʻike ʻia nā pae koko kiʻekiʻe ma nā kamaʻāina kaiāulu kahi i haumia ai nā lako wai kūloko e PFOA.Hiki i nā poʻe i ʻike ʻia i ka PFOA ma ka wahi hana ke kiʻekiʻe i nā manawa he nui.
Hiki ke loaʻa ka PFOA a me kekahi mau pūhui like ma nā pae haʻahaʻa ma kekahi mau meaʻai, wai inu, a ma ka lepo o ka hale.ʻOiai he haʻahaʻa ka pae PFOA i ka wai inu, hiki ke piʻi aʻe ma kekahi mau wahi, e like me nā mea kanu kemika kokoke i ka PFOA.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka poʻe i ka PFOA mai ka wax ski a i ʻole mai nā lole a me ke kapena i mālama ʻia i pale ʻia.ʻAʻole ʻo nā mea kuke lāʻau lāʻau he kumu nui o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka PFOA.
Nui nā haʻawina i nā makahiki i hala iho nei i nānā i ka hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka maʻi maʻi PFOA.Hoʻohana ka poʻe noiʻi i 2 mau ʻano haʻawina nui e hoʻāʻo e noʻonoʻo inā hiki i ia mea ke kumu i ka maʻi kanesa.
Nā haʻawina i loko o ka lab
Ma nā haʻawina i hana ʻia i loko o ka lab, ʻike ʻia nā holoholona i kahi mea (pinepine i nā ʻano nui loa) e ʻike inā he kumu ia i nā maʻi koko a i ʻole nā pilikia olakino.Hiki i nā mea noiʻi ke hōʻike aku i nā pūnaewele kanaka i loko o kahi kīʻaha lab i ka waiwai e ʻike ai inā he kumu ia i nā ʻano hoʻololi i ʻike ʻia i loko o nā maʻi kanesa.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā haʻawina i nā holoholona lab i ka ʻike ʻana i ka PFOA e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o kekahi mau maʻi koko o ke ake, testicles, mammary glands (mau umauma), a me ka pancreas i kēia mau holoholona.Ma keʻano laulā, hana maikaʻi nā haʻawina i mālama ʻia i nā holoholona i ka wānana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa i loko o nā kānaka.Akā ʻaʻole maopopo inā like ke ʻano o kēia kemika i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa i loko o nā holoholona e like me ke kanaka.
Haʻawina i loko o ke kanaka
Ke nānā nei kekahi mau ʻano haʻawina i ka nui o ka maʻi kanesa ma nā hui like ʻole.Hiki i kēia mau haʻawina ke hoʻohālikelike i ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi i loko o kahi hui i ʻike ʻia i kahi mea me ka nui o ka maʻi kanesa i loko o kahi hui i ʻike ʻole ʻia, a i ʻole e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka nui o ka maʻi kanesa i ka lehulehu.Akā i kekahi manawa he mea paʻakikī ke ʻike i ke ʻano o nā hopena o kēia mau ʻano haʻawina, no ka mea he nui nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā hopena.
Ua nānā nā haʻawina i ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia i ka PFOA mai ka noho kokoke a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu kemika.Ua manaʻo kekahi o kēia mau haʻawina i ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi testicular me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka PFOA.Ua hōʻike pū ʻia nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka maʻi maʻi thyroid, akā liʻiliʻi ka piʻi ʻana o ka pilikia a ma muli paha o ka manawa.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe i nā loulou i nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka prostate, ka ʻōpū, a me ka maʻi kanesa ovarian.ʻAʻole naʻe i loaʻa i nā haʻawina nā loulou like ʻole, a pono e noiʻi hou aku e wehewehe i kēia mau ʻike.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-02-2017