Polymer ihe na-agwakọta teknụzụ extrusion na akụrụngwa zuru oke

Ịgwakọta extrusion usoro bụ nanị ụzọ maka polymer ihe, karịsịa plastics, isi na ngwaahịa gaa na mmepụta ihe.Ihe eji eme ihe n'oge a na-etolite n'ebe ihe eji arụ ọrụ polymer dị elu, ihe arụ ọrụ polymer ọhụrụ na ihe polymer zuru oke na ọnụ ahịa dị ala na arụmọrụ dị elu.

Ịgwakọta extrusion usoro bụ nanị ụzọ maka polymer ihe, karịsịa plastics, isi na ngwaahịa gaa na mmepụta ihe.Oge aihe polymerna-emepe emepe n'ebe dị elu polymer structural ihe, ọhụrụ polymer arụ ọrụ ihe na n'ozuzu polymer ihe na ọnụ ala na elu arụmọrụ.Ihe eji arụ ọrụ polymer dị elu na-eji ike dị elu dị elu, nguzogide corrosion magburu onwe ya, nguzogide abrasion na nhazi dị mfe, nke dị oke mkpa maka mmepe nke akụ na ụba mba na nchekwa mba.N'ihi ọrụ ya pụrụ iche na ụdị pụrụ iche, a na-eji ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ polymer ọhụrụ eme ihe na mpaghara mmepụta ihe dị ka nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi, ọrụ ozi, akụrụngwa biomedical, akpụkpọ ahụ nkewa ihe, ntụgharị ike na teknụzụ nchekwa ike.Ịrụ ọrụ dị elu nke ihe ndị polymer n'ozuzu na ọnụ ala dị ala nke plastik injinịa ka bụ ihe nyocha nke ugbu a na mmepe nke ihe polymer na ihe dị mkpa iji gbasaa ngwa ngwa nke plastic plastics na engineering plastik.

Na mgbakwunye na ụfọdụ ihe nhazi nke ihe eji eme ihe polymer, ihe ọhụrụ polymer nwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche dị na anụ ahụ na kemịkal.Pụtara na mmepe nke ọhụrụ polymeric ihe, ubi nke ngwa ịgbasa, ka elu polymer ihe Ịgwakọta extrusion na-etinye n'ihu elu arịrịọ, na omenala Ịgwakọta technology na ngwá enweghị ọma ụfọdụ ọhụrụ elu polymer ihe izute ina nke Ịgwakọta, ya mere, mmepe nke ọhụrụ ụdị Ịgwakọta extrusion technology na akụrụngwa, izute mkpa nke ọhụrụ polymer ihe na mmepụta, Ịgwakọta akụrụngwa BNR;N'otu oge ahụ, ọ bụkwa ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere nke mmepe nke akụrụngwa nhazi polymer taa.

1. 1.Ngwa ejima ịghasaỊgwakọta extrusionteknụzụ

Ngwakọta ọgbara ọhụrụ na ịgwakọta teknụzụ extrusion bụ ịgwakọta ihe ndị dị adị na polymers dị iche iche ma ọ bụ tinye ihe ndị ọzọ iji kwalite nchikota nke ihe dị iche iche, iji mee ka ihe ndị ahụ dịkwuo mma, ma ọ bụ nye akụrụngwa na akụrụngwa ọhụrụ, na-agbakwunye ụdị ọhụrụ. ezinụlọ polymer.N'ime ụlọ ọrụ plastik niile, ihe dịka 60% nke plastik ga-agwakọta ma gbanwee iji mepụta ihe ọhụrụ.Ọtụtụ n'ime usoro nhazi ndị a dị mgbagwoju anya na-agwụcha na ngwa ngwakọta nke ejima screw extruder na-anọchi anya ya.Iji otu ụzọ ejima ịghasa iji jikọta extrusion nwere uru ndị a:

(1) Ngwakọta dị mma na ịrụ ọrụ plastik, nke nwere ike ikwe nkwa n'ụzọ zuru oke na ịdị n'otu nkesa na ịdị n'otu nke ihe dị iche iche mgbe agwakọtachara, yana dabara adaba maka arụmọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya dị ka ndochi, ngwakọta, nkwalite eriri iko, extrusion reactive na mwepụ na-agbanwe agbanwe nke dị iche iche resins na plastik.

(2) cylinder na ịghasa nwere ike na-aghọta "ụlọ ngọngọ" Nchikota, otú iji nweta multi-nzube, multi-arụ ọrụ.

(3) ịghasa meshing, onwe-ihicha mmetụta dị mma;Ngwa ahụ na-enweta mmetụta mmeghari elu dị elu na arụmọrụ kachasị mma, nke nwere ike iwepụ gas ma ọ bụ monomer na-emepụta na ngwakọta na plastik.

(4) elu ịghasa ọsọ, nnukwu mmepụta ikike, obere ike oriri kwa unit mmepụta, doro anya ike ịzọpụta mmetụta.

Dabere na uru ndị a dị n'elu, teknụzụ co-directional ejima-screw mixing extrusion technology nwere uru na-enweghị atụ na akụrụngwa nhazi ihe eji eme polymer ma na-ebute ụzọ na mmepụta ihe mgbanwe polymer.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụdị ọhụrụ ejima-ịghasa compounding na ngwa kachasị ọhụrụ nke teknụzụ extrusion na-egosipụtakarị n'akụkụ ndị a: nkwadebe nke mgbanwe ihe nanometer bụ ihe dị elu polymer siri ike Gao Ren ụdị ọnụ ala dị ala, ihe mkpuchi polymer dị elu, ihe mkpuchi electromagnetic. ihe polymeric, akwụkwọ akụkọ polymer ihe maka plastik na-emebi emebi, nkwakọ ngwaahịa eletrọnịkị, masterbatch ọhụrụ na masterbatch dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ, wdg, nwekwara ike iji ya mee ihe maka ihe mejupụtara ihe ọhụrụ (dịka osisi plastik mejupụtara) mmepụta na nkwadebe nke ihe ọhụrụ, na mgbakwunye, nwere ike. a ga-ejikwa ya maka grafting polymer, polycondensation nke reactive extrusion.Ụlọ ọrụ ndị metụtara gụnyere ngwa ụlọ, ụgbọ ala, nkwukọrịta, teknụzụ eletrọnịkị, nchekwa mba, ikuku ikuku, nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi, ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, ihe ụlọ, ọkụ eletrik, wdg.

2. 2.Development nke ọhụrụ polymer ihe extrusion technology na ejima ịghasa

Ugbu a, mmepe ntụziaka nke ọhụrụ polymer ihe, nke na-tumadi esịnede nanomaterials, mebiri emebi plastics, gbanwetụrụ asphalt na osisi-plastic mejupụtara ihe, emmepe na mmepụta nke ihe ndị a, na otu-direction ejima-ịghasa extrusion technology na-aghọ. isi iji ghọta mmepụta ihe.E jiri ya tụnyere ihe polyolefin nkịtị, ihe ndị a nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na usoro ihe onwunwe, usoro ihe omimi na njirimara rheological.

(1) .Nanomaterials na-aghọ ụdị ihe ọhụrụ nke mba dị iche iche nke ụwa mepụtara.Site na nkwadebe nke nanometer masterbatch na mmepụta nke nanometer gbanwetụrụ plastik, ejima-screw extruder na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị atụ na mmepụta nke plastik nanometer.Firstly, n'ihi urughuru size nkesa nke nanomaterials, na Ịgwakọta extrusion na dispersion mmetụta na-chọrọ ka elu.Nke abuo, nkwadebe nke nanometer masterbatch maka inviscid gbazee e ji mara, ala siri ike, nwere nnukwu ego nke gas extrusion na mgbakwunye na usoro nke iwepu ngwaahịa nke ire ere, na omenala polymer n'okpuru dị iche iche ala plasticizing e ji mara dị ka elu brittleness, jụrụ na Emechara ngwaahịa usoro dị iche na nkịtị polyolefin masterbatch usoro.Site na ịgwakọta na plasticizing extruder ruo nju oyi na granulation, a chọrọ ọtụtụ mmepe ọhụrụ.Ya mere, enweghị ike ịnakwere usoro izugbe jụrụ oyi nke polymer a wụrụ awụ.A na-emepụta ngwaahịa ikpeazụ site na iji ụdị nri emechiri emechi na nchịkọta ntụ ntụ, na-anakwere ihe nrụpụta rotor ọhụrụ dị elu na nkenke, na-edozi ụdị ikuku iyuzucha n'ime cylinder, na ịnakwere ụzọ nke ibufe belt na jụrụ oyi, tupu ihichapụ. na-etipịa n'ime ihe mpempe akwụkwọ jụrụ oyi na-etipịa.

(2) .E nwere ọtụtụ starch na mmepe nke starch jupụtara degendable rọba, okpukpu abụọ deradable plastics dum starch thermoplastic plastik.Na mgbakwunye na plasticizing na ịgwakọta ha, ikpochapụ akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na nkesa oge obibi na usoro extrusion aghọwo nsogbu ndị dị mkpa ka a dozie mgbe ị na-agwakọta na granulating.Ya mere, dị ka kpọmkwem ihe, kwesịrị ekwesị usu ịghasa ogologo-dayameta ruru, iyuzucha ọnọdụ na ukwu, ịghasa Ọdịdị na ndokwa, mgbakwunye na-agbakwụnye mode na-agbakwụnye ihe kwesịrị họrọ iji nwalee na-ekpebi nhazi;N'otu oge ahụ, nkà na ụzụ na-arụ ọrụ na nkà na ụzụ na-aghọkwa isi nsogbu nke mweda plastic ejima-screw extrusion.The n'elu isi teknụzụ nwere ike dabere na ẹdude ịga nke ọma ahụmahụ, jikọtara extrusion usoro nnwale na nsonaazụ analysis, n'ikpeazụ chọpụta extrusion usoro akụrụngwa nhazi.

(3) .gbanwee asphalt aghọwo ntụziaka ọhụrụ nke mgbanwe ihe onwunwe polymer.Ilekwasị anya na ngwa ya na-ewu okporo ụzọ awara awara, nrụgharị ọdụ ụgbọ elu na ọrụ mgbasawanye, na-emeziwanye nguzogide okpomọkụ ya na ihe ọkụkụ dị ala na-ekpo ọkụ bụ isi ntụziaka nke ịkwalite uru ngwa ya.N'ihi oke nkesa arọ molekụla na nhazi nke macromolecule, mgbanwe nke asphalt emebeghị nke ọma.Gbanwee asphalt pụrụ nnọọ iche, nwere ma bụ nke e ji mara nke roba plastic blending, ma nwere ọdịnaya nke ngwaahịa post-processing, iga nke ejima ịghasa extruder, agwakọta ọcha nke mmepe, dị ka extrusion granulation na-etinye n'ihu ọhụrụ chọrọ. , chọrọ ọhụrụ imepe ọhụrụ ụdị Ọdịdị na nhazi nke ịghasa mmewere, console, họrọ abụọ ịghasa akụkụ na ụdị niile nke ule parameters, dị ka ịghasa ogologo na dayameta ruru, ọnụ ọgụgụ na ọnọdụ nke iyuzucha ngalaba, shiee ọnụego, extruding ụdị na Ọdịdị , wdg.

(4) .N'ihe gbasara sayensị ihe onwunwe, WPC bụ ihe ọhụrụ nwere ikike dị ukwuu.A na-akọ na a na-eji ihe ọkụkụ fiber composites eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala, ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ njem, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu na ihe ndị ọzọ n'ihi ihe onwunwe ha dị elu, ike siri ike, kpọmkwem ike, ụda ụda na biodegradaability.Na osisi eriri, osisi ntụ ntụ weere na resin matrix, ngwakọta nke ụzọ dị iche iche nke osisi eriri na mejupụtara ihe enwetara site na-achụsa uniformity nke dị iche bụ nnọọ nnukwu, ịghọta mmepụta nke osisi plastic composite ọhụrụ a ihe mmepụta bụ isi ihe na Usoro extrusion na ụdị ihe owuwu pụrụ iche nke extruder, ihe nrụpụta teknụzụ dị na ụzọ nchaji nke agba, ụdị ụdị ịghasa pụrụ iche, TME na ZME element, sistemu ikuku torque dị elu, nnukwu ịghasa ogologo ruo dayameta na D / Di = 1.55 free olu. , otu nzọụkwụ nke ejima-ịkpọsa extrusion mmepụta.

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