A kwadebere Tetrafluoroethylene nke mbụ na 1933. Njikọ azụmahịa ugbu a dabeere na fluorspar, sulfuric acid na chloroform.
Usoro mmepụta ihe bụ isi nke PTFE Polymer:
A na-eme nrụpụta nke PTFE Polymer/ Resin n'ụzọ abụọ.Nke mbụ, a na-emepụta TFE Monomer site na njikọ nke Calcium Fluoride (Fluorospar), Sulfuric Acid & Chloroform & emesia polymerisation nke TFE na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na-achịkwa iji mepụta PTFE.N'ihi ọnụnọ nke siri ike & nke siri ike CF agbụ, PTFE molecule nwere pụtara ìhè kemịkalụ inertness, elu okpomọkụ iguzogide & ịrịba ama eletriki mkpuchi àgwà;na mgbakwunye na magburu onwe frictional Njirimara.
Ọcha nke TFE:
A chọrọ monomer dị ọcha maka polymerization.Ọ bụrụ na adịghị ọcha dị, ọ ga-emetụta ngwaahịa ikpeazụ.A na-ebu ụzọ ehichapụ gas ahụ iji wepụ hydrochloric acid ọ bụla wee gbanye ya ka ọ kewaa ihe ndị ọzọ adịghị ọcha.
Polymerisation nke TFE:
Tetrafluoroethylene dị ọcha na-egbochighị ya nwere ike ime ihe ike na-eme ihe ike, ọbụlagodi na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na mbụ n'okpuru okpomọkụ nke ụlọ.Igwe ọkụ na-acha ọla ọcha, nkeji nkeji juputara na ngwọta nke nwere akụkụ 0.2 ammonium persulphate, akụkụ 1.5 borax na 100 mmiri, yana pH nke 9.2.The reactor e mechiri;chụpụrụ na 30 akụkụ nke monomer e kwere ka n'ime. The reactor na-ama jijiji maka otu awa na 80 Celsius C na mgbe jụrụ nyere 86% mkpụrụ nke polymer.PTFE na-mere commercially site abụọ isi Filiks, otu na-eduga na nke a na-akpọ 'granular'. polymer na nke abụọ na-eduga a mgbasa nke polymer nke ukwuu mma urughuru size na ala molekụla arọ.Otu ụzọ e si emepụta nke ikpeazụ gụnyere iji ngwọta disuccinic acid peroxide 0.1°% mmiri.Emere mmeghachi omume ahụ na okpomọkụ ruo 90 Celsius.
Ụzọ ndị ọzọ:
Nbibi nke TFE n'okpuru mmetụta nke arc eletrik, a na-eme ya site na emulsion usoro site na iji peroxide initiators eg H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide) na ferrous sulphate.N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-eji oxygen eme ihe dị ka onye mmalite.
Ọdịdị na Njirimara nke PTFE:
Usoro kemịkalụ nke PTFE bụ polymer linear nke C-F2 - C-F2 na-enweghị alaka ọ bụla & ihe ndị pụtara ìhè nke PTFE jikọtara ya na Carbon siri ike & kwụsie ike - njikọ Fluorine.
Polytetrafluoroethylene bụ polymer linear nke na-enweghị nnukwu ego nke alaka.Ebe molekul nke polyethylene dị n'ụdị zigzag planar na mpaghara crystalline nke a agaghị ekwe omume na nke PTFE n'ihi na atom fluorine dị ukwuu karịa nke hydrogen.N'ihi nke a, molekul ahụ na-ewelite zigzag gbagọrọ agbagọ na atom fluorine na-achịkọta nke ọma n'okirikiri gburugburu ọkpụkpụ carbon-carbon.Ntugharị zuru oke nke gburugburu ga-agụnye ihe karịrị carbon carbon 26 n'okpuru 19 Celsius C na 30 Celsius C n'elu ya ebe a na-enwe ebe mgbanwe na-agụnye mgbanwe 1% na okpomọkụ a.Mkpokọta ọnụ nke atom fluorine na-eduga na molecule nke nnukwu isi ike na ọ bụ njirimara a na-eduga n'ebe mgbaze dị elu nke crystalline na nkwụsi ike nke ụdị okpomọkụ nke polymer.
The intermolecular mma n'etiti PTFE ụmụ irighiri dị nnọọ obere, agbakọọ solubility parameter ịbụ 12.6 (MJ / m3) 1 / 2Polima na nnukwu anaghị si otú nwere elu rigidity na tensile ike nke a na-ejikarị na polymers na elu nro nro.Njikọ carbon-fluorine kwụsiri ike.Ọzọkwa, ebe atom fluorine abụọ na-ejikọta na otu carbon carbon atom, a na-ebelata nkwụsị nke njikọ C-F site na 1.42 A ruo 1.35 A. N'ihi ya ike njikọ nwere ike ịdị elu dị ka 504 kJ/mole.Ebe ọ bụ na naanị njikọ ọzọ dị ugbu a bụ njikọ C-C kwụsiri ike, PTFE nwere nkwụsi ike dị elu nke okpomọkụ, ọbụlagodi mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ karịa ebe mgbaze kristal ya nke 327 ° C.N'ihi nnukwu crystallinity ya na enweghị ike ịmekọrịta ihe kpọmkwem, ọ dịghị ihe mgbaze na ụlọ okpomọkụ.N'oge okpomọkụ na-eru nso n'ebe mgbaze, ụfọdụ mmiri mmiri nwere fluorinated dị ka kerosene per-fluorinated ga-agbaze polymer.
Njirimara nke PTFE dabere na ụdị polymer na usoro nhazi.Na polima nwere ike ịdị iche na urughuru nha na/ma ọ bụ molekụla arọ.Ogo urughuru ga-emetụta ikpe nhazi na ọnụọgụ nke voids na ngwaahịa emechara ebe ịdị arọ nke molekụla ga-emetụta kristal na ya mere ọtụtụ ihe anụ ahụ.Usoro nhazi ga-emetụta ma kristal na ọdịnaya efu.
The arọ nkezi molekul arọ nke polymers azụmahịa na-egosi na ọ dị nnọọ elu ma dị na nso 400000 ka 9000000. ICI na-akọ na ihe ha nwere a molekul arọ ke nso 500000 ka 5000000 na pasent crystallinity karịrị 94 ~ dị ka emepụtara.Akụkụ ndị a kpụrụ akpụ bụ obere kristal.Ogo nke crystallinity nke ngwaahịa emechara ga-adabere na ọnụego nke jụrụ oyi site na okpomọkụ nhazi.Ịdị nwayọọ nwayọọ ga-eduga na kristal dị elu na ngwa ngwa jụrụ oyi na-enye mmetụta dị iche.Ihe dị arọ molekul ga-abụkwa kristal ọzọ.
A na-ahụta na polymer mgbasa, bụ nke kacha mma na ịdị arọ molekụla dị ala, na-enye ngwaahịa nwere ezigbo nguzogide ngbanwe na nkwụsi ike dị elu nke ukwuu.Ọganihu ndị a na-apụta na-ebilite site na nguzobe nke ihe owuwu fiber na oke polymer n'oge nhazi.
Oge nzipu: Jan-04-2019