Sebakeng sa motlakase, e 'ngoe ea lintho tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa lithapo le likhoele tsa motlakase ke lisebelisoa tse sireletsang le ho kenya jekete.Ka lilemo tse ngata, thepa ea ho kenya letsoho e hlahelletseng pele bakeng sa likhoele tsa motlakase e ne e le pampiri e kentsoeng ka oli ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ntle ea motlakase.E boetse e na le bokhoni ba ho mamella tekanyo e phahameng ea mocheso o feteletseng ntle le ho senyeha ho feteletseng.Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la tlhaho ea eona ea hygroscopic, sheath ea tšepe e na le mongobo.Ka hona, ho ne ho e-na le tlhokahalo ea nako e telele ea lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse nang le motlakase, tse neng li e-na le motsoako oa tlhaho e seng ea hygroscopic ea thermoplasticmaterials.
Ho lokisoa ha li-polymer tse kopantsoeng ho ka etsoa ka mekhoa e 'meli e fapaneng.E 'ngoe ke mokhoa oa lik'hemik'hale' me e 'ngoe ke mokhoa oa ionizing.Leha ho lemohuoa ha phello ena ea crosslinking ho fetile lilemo tse 150, phello e kopanyang ea mahlaseli a ionizing e ile ea bontšoa ka lekhetlo la pele ke Charlesby.Mokhoa oa radiation crosslinking ke ona o hlahisang litholoana haholo bakeng sa lithapo tse nyane le tse tšesaane, ka hona lithapo tse sebelisoang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki li hlahisitsoe ke mokhoa oa radiation crosslinking.Mokhoa ona o molemo ka lebaka la tšebeliso e tlaase ea matla 'me o hloka sebaka se senyenyane.Ts'ebetso ea mahlaseli e laoloa habonolo 'me e na le monyetla oa ho boloka matla le ho laoloa ke tšilafalo.Likarolo tse ikhethileng tsa marang-rang a marang-rang li akaretsoa ka tsela e latelang:(1) Lebelo la mohala oa tlhahiso le ka laoloa.Ho koaheloa ka lebelo le phahameng (extrusion) hoa khoneha, kaha ha ho hlokahale hore ho be le moemeli oa crosslinking.Ka tšebeliso ea accelerator e nang le matla a phahameng le matla a tlaase, ho phekola ka potlako ho ka finyelloa.(2) Ho tšoana ha crosslinking ho molemo haholo.Ho ka etsoa mokhoa oa ho kopanya li-uniform crosslinking ka ho khetha mochini o nepahetseng le ho sebelisa moralo o nepahetseng bakeng sa ho fepa ka terata.3Ho feta moo, mokhoa oa ho folisa mahlaseli o molemo ho feta mokhoa oa ho phekola ka mouoane.Ts'ebetsong ea ho folisa mocheso, metsi a kenang ka har'a polymer ka tlas'a khatello e matla ea mouoane a etsa 'microvoids' tse ngata, tse ka bakang ho senyeha ha karolo ea sefate ha thapo e ntse e sebetsa.Le hoja ketsahalo ena e rarahane haholo, lifate li ka hōla 'me tsa baka ho fokotseha ha matla a dielectric a likhoele.Ntle le tsena, ts'ebetso ea ho folisa mouoane e na le litšitiso tse itseng ho latela pono ea tšebeliso ea matla: (a) khatello e matla ea mouoane e hlokahala ho fumana mocheso o phahameng;25Ho phekola ka mahlaseli ke mokhethoa oa mekhoa e omileng.Leha ho le joalo, ho na le bothata ba hore ho hahoa ha lielektrone ho emisitse le/kapa ho thehoa ka har'a sekhahla sa ho kenella ka mahlaseli a motlakase le hona ho baka ho senyeha ha karolo e bōpehileng joaloka sefate nakong le ka mor'a ho khantša.E fapane ka ho feletseng le 'mokhoa o se nang metsi'.Kaha thapo ea polymer e na le mongobo o phahameng le li-voids tse kholo, mokhoa oa ho folisa oa hlokahala.Ntle le melemo e ka holimo, lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor li ka hlahisoa habonolo ts'ebetsong ea ho phekola mahlaseli a mahlaseli a kotsi ao ho seng bonolo ha ho etsoa mokhoa oa ho phekola mouoane kaha boholo ba thepa bo ne bo sitoa ho mamella mocheso o phahameng le khatello.
Mokhoa oa ho kopanya mahlaseli o boetse o fana ka conductivity ho matrix.Ena ke mokhoa o ikhethileng oa ho kopanya matrix ho ea ho insulating.Mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa deactiva-tion ea polymer ea mokokotlo e nang le monoma e loketseng ka ho hlomathiseletsoa le ho beoa ha theconducting polymer holim'a bokaholimo bo sebetsang ba mokokotlo.Ntle le boits'oaro ba ho itšireletsa, tabeng ena polymer e ka sebetsa joalo ka e tsamaisang.Leha e e-so thehoe, e ka bonts'a lits'ebetso tse 'maloa tse ka bang teng joalo ka ts'ireletso ea EMI, ho roala liaparo le li-antistatic agents.Bhattacharya etal.ba lokisitse metsoako ea polymer–FEP-g-(AA)–PPY le polymer–FEP-g-(sty)–PPY.Qalong, polymer-FEP e ne e le mohloli oa mahlaseli a Co-60 'me filimi e ile ea kenngoa ka liperesente tse fapaneng tsa li-monomers.PPy e ile ea beoa holim'a sebaka se hlomathisitsoeng ke oxidative polymerisationof pyrrole ho sebelisa ferric chloride e le oxidant.Ho hanyetsa holimo ho fokotsehile 'me ho na le taelo ea 104-105ohm / cm2.Ho hanyetsa holimo ho itšetlehile ka peresente ea ho hlomathisoa ha monomers.Ho sebelisa mokhoa ona, conductivity ea holim'a metsi ho e-na le conductivity e ngata e ka eketseha.Photoconductingbehaviour ea filimi e ka boela ea fanoa ka mokhoa oa ho grafting.Cellulose acetate-g-(N-vinyl carbazole) le cellulose acetate-g-(N-vinyl carbazole-methyl methacylate) ke mehlala ea filimi ea ho etsa lifoto.
Indastering ea lithapo tsa motlakase, haholo-holo polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), liraba tsa EPDM li sebelisoa.Polyethylene e sebelisoa ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ntle ea motlakase le nako ea eona e telele.Polyethylene ea "low density" e ratoa ho feta polyethylene e phahameng ka lebaka la mabaka a 'maloa. Mabaka ke a latelang: (a) ho fetoha habonolo;(b) matla a phahameng a dielectric ho feta polyethylene e phahameng haholo;(c) bophelo bo bolelele ho feta HDPE;(d) ho thata haholo ho sebetsa ho feta HDPE le (e) kotsi e fokolang ea ho kenyelletsa li-voids ho LDPE, e bakang ionisation.Leha ho na le melemo e joalo, LDPE e na le mefokolo ea eona joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa ho kenya lithapo.Kaha ke polymer ea thermoplastic, e na le mocheso o bonolo o ka bang 105–115⬚C 'me e na le tšekamelo ea hore khatello ea maikutlo e be teng ha e kopana le lintho tse ling tse sebetsang ka holim'a metsi.Ho kopanya limolek'hule tsa polyethylene ho ntlafatsa mocheso le thepa ea 'mele ha thepa ea eona ea motlakase e lula e sa fetohe.Ka hona, polyethylene e kopantsoeng ha e sa le polymer ea thermoplastic.E nolofala sebakeng sa ho qhibiliha ha kristale ea polyethylene 'me e nka ho tsitsisa, joalo ka rabara, e leng thepa eo e e bolokang nakong ea mocheso o ntseng o phahama, ho fihlela e fetoha carbonise ntle le ho qhibiliha ho 300⬚C.Tloaelo ea ho senya khatello ea kelello e nyamela ka ho sa feleng le ho hanyetsa botsofali hantle haholo moeeng o chesang o fumanoa.Lithapo tse kopantsoeng tsa polyethylene li ratoa haholo ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ntle ea motlakase le ea 'mele.E khona ho jara maqhubu a maholo, e mamella ho kobeha ha radius e nyane ebile e boima ba 'mele, e lumella ho kenngoa habonolo le ho ts'epahala, ke hore, ha e na meeli ea bophahamo kaha ha e na oli leha e le efe, kahoo ha e na liphoso ka lebaka la ho falla ha oli ka oli. thapo ya lebala.Hape ha e hloke ka kakaretso sheath ea tšepe.Ka hona, ha e na mefokolo e ikhethang ho lithapo tsa tšepe tse sirelelitsoeng, kutu le mokhathala.Hona joale-ka-matsatsi, mahlaseli crosslinking e sebelisoa indastering eseng feela polyethylene empa le lipolymers tse ling hape tse kang polyvinyl chloride, polyisobutylene joalo-joalo. PVC ka boeona e ke fetisisa sa tsitsang polymer.E qalile ho ba le bohlokoa ba khoebo feela kamora ho nts'etsopele ea mekhoa e sebetsang ea botsitso.Ka thuso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho fetola (li-stabiliser, polasetiki, li-filler le li-additives tse ling), PVC e ka etsoa ho bonts'a mefuta e mengata ea thepa, ho tloha ho e thata haholo ho isa ho e tenyetsehang haholo.Mefuta e fapaneng ea ts'ebeliso ea eona le litšenyehelo tsa eona tse tlase li ikarabella bakeng sa bohlokoa ba eona 'marakeng oa lefatše.
Ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya, li-polymers ha li sebelisoe hangata ka sebopeho sa tsona se hloekileng.Lisebelisoa tsa polasetiki, li-antioxidants, li-filler li na le karolo ea tsona ka tsela e fapaneng ea ho fana ka thepa e hlokahalang.The Addis molemo nakong ea crosslinking tshebetso.Lisebelisoa tsa polasetiki li eketsoa ho li-polymers ho fokotsa bofokoli ba sehlahisoa sa polymer.Li ama crosslinking neng kapa neng ha ba nka karolo molokong oa li-freeradicals kapa ba kena karabelong ea propagating.Dibutyl phthalate, tritolyl phosphate le diallyl phosphate ke mehlala e tloaelehileng ea polasetiki ho PVC.Ho feto-fetoha ha maemo le elasticity, e leng ea bohlokoa haholo molemong oa ho kenya motlakase, e ntlafatsoa ka ho kenyelletsa li-plasticisers ho PVC.Ha e le hantle, tabeng ea PVC, e polar ka lebaka la sebopeho se sa leka-lekaneng, e hlahisa li-intermolecular bond tse matla, tse kopanyang liketane tsa macromolecular ka thata, hammoho li etsa hore e se ke ea fetoha.Li-Antioxidants ke sehlopha se seng sa li-additives, tse hlokahalang bakeng sa motsoako ofe kapa ofe o kopantsoeng o etselitsoeng morero oa ho bapisa botsitso bo phahameng ba thermooxidative tlhahiso ea polymer.Hangata li ama li-crosslinking byscavenging radicals, tse ka etsang li-crosslinks.RC (4,4-thio-bis(6-tert-butyl-3-methyl phenol), MB(Mercapto benzoimidazole) ke mehlala ea li-antioxidants tse sebelisoang ke Ueno et al. Ntle le li-plasticisers le li-antioxidants, ho hlokahala mebala, Mebala ea polasetiki e kenyelletsa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-inorganic le organicmaterials. Ho fumanoe hore tlhahiso ea li-radicals ka polyethylene e eketsehile ka 50%, ha ho eketsoa karolo e nyane (0.05%) ea aerosil. polyethylene, moo li-macromolecules li ka bang boemong bo sa leka-lekaneng ba mefuta e sa lefelloeng.Ho feta moo, motsoako oa mahlaseli a nang le motsoako o sebetsang o ka ama ho kenngoa ha li-crosslink haufi le liketane tsa polymer.
Ka bokhuts'oane, mahlaseli a na le karolo ea bohlokoa tšebetsong ea polima e sebelisoang sebakeng sa motlakase.'Radiation crosslinking' ke ketsahalo eo ka eona thepa ea li-polymer e ka ntlafatsoang.Ke mokhoa o tsoetseng pele haholo joalo ka 'vulcanisation' o na le mefokolo e itseng.Ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya e ka ntlafatsoa ka khetho ea li-monomers tse loketseng.Ts'ebetsong ea radiation crosslinking, li-plasticisers, li-fillers le tlatsetso e thibelang malakabe e sebetsa hantle ts'ebetsong ea mahlaseli a marang-rang.Mokhoa oa radiationcrosslinking o boetse o thusa haholo ho lokiseng lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor.Ntle le tsena, mokhoa oa ho kopanya mahlaseli o ka sebelisoa ho hlophisa filimi le lifilimi tse nang le mekhoa e metle ea photoconducting.
Nako ea poso: May-02-2017