Uhlobo lwePlastiki yeWelding

Welding yeplastikiukuwelda kwezixhobo zeplastiki eziphantse zagqitywa, kwaye ichazwa kwi-ISO 472 njengenkqubo yokumanyanisa imiphezulu ethambileyo yemathiriyeli, ngokubanzi ngoncedo lobushushu (ngaphandle kokuwelda okunyibilikayo).Ukuwelda kwe-thermoplastics kufezekiswa ngezigaba ezithathu ezilandelelanayo, ezizezi, ukulungiswa komphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kobushushu kunye noxinzelelo, kunye nokupholisa.

Ukuwelda kwerhasi eshushu

Ukuwelda kwerhasi eshushu, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-hot air welding, bubuchule bokuwelda ngeplastiki kusetyenziswa ubushushu.Umpu wokushisa owenziwe ngokukodwa, obizwa ngokuba yi-hot air welder, uvelisa ijethi yomoya oshushu ethambisayo omabini la malungu aza kudityaniswa kunye nentonga yokuzalisa iplastiki, zonke mazibe zenye okanye iplastiki efana kakhulu.(Ukuwelda i-PVC kwi-acrylic yinto eyahlukileyo kulo mgaqo.)

Umoya oshushu/i-welding yerhasi yindlela eqhelekileyo yokwenza izinto ezincinci ezifana neitanki zekhemikhali, iitanki zamanzi, utshintshiselwano lobushushu kunye nokufakelwa kwemibhobho yamanzi.

Kwimeko yewebhu kunye neefilimu intonga yokuzalisa ayinakusetyenziswa.Amaphepha amabini eplastiki afudunyezwa ngerhasi eshushu (okanye into yokufudumeza) aze asongwe kunye.Le yinkqubo ye-welding ekhawulezayo kwaye inokwenziwa ngokuqhubekayo.

Isantya tip welding

Ngesantya se-welding, i-welder yeplastiki, efana nentsimbi ye-soldering ngokubonakala kunye ne-wattage, ifakwe ityhubhu yokutya kwi-plastic weld rod.Isantya sesantya sitshisa intonga kunye ne-substrate, ngelixa kwangaxeshanye icinezela intonga ye-weld etyhidiweyo kwindawo.I-bead yeplastiki ethambileyo ifakwe kwi-joint, kunye neendawo kunye ne-weld rod fuse.Ngolunye uhlobo lweplastiki efana ne-polypropylene, intonga ye-welding enyibilikisiweyo kufuneka "ixutywe" kunye ne-semi-melted base basenziwe okanye balungiswe.Ezi ndlela zokuwelda ziye zaphuculwa ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye zisetyenziswe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 ngabenzi beplastiki abachwephesha kunye nabalungisi kumazwe ngamazwe.Indlela yokuwelda isantya sisixhobo sokuwelda ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokuziqhelanisa sinokusetyenziswa kwiikona eziqinileyo.Uguqulelo lwencam yesantya "umpu" luyintsimbi ye-solder ebanzi, i-flat tip engasetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa i-weld joint kunye ne-filler material ukudala ibhondi.

Extrusion welding

I-Weld ye-extrusion ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwee-welds ezinkulu kwi-weld pass enye.Bubuchule obukhethwayo bokudibanisa imathiriyeli engaphezu kwe-6 mm ubukhulu.Intonga yokuwelda itsalwa kwisandla esincinci esibambe iplastic extruder, iplastiki, kwaye inyanzeliswe ngaphandle kwe-extruder ngokuchasene neendawo ezidityanisiweyo, ezithanjiswa ngejethi yomoya oshushu ukuvumela ukuhlangana ukuba kwenzeke.

I-welding yoqhagamshelwano

Oku kuyafana nokuwelda ngaphandle kokuba ubushushu bubonelelwa nge-thermal conduction yeengcebiso ze-pincher endaweni yokuqhuba umbane.Iinxalenye ezimbini zeplastiki zihlanganiswa apho iingcebiso ezifudumalayo ziyawaxina, zinyibilike kwaye zidibanise iindawo kwinkqubo.

Ukuwelda ipleyiti eshushu

Ngokunxulumene ne-welding yoqhagamshelwano, obu buchule busetyenziselwa ukuwelda iindawo ezinkulu, okanye iindawo ezinejiyometri edibeneyo ye-weld.Amacandelo amabini afakwe kwi-welded afakwe kwi-tooling eqhotyoshelwe kwiiplate ezimbini ezichasayo zokushicilela.Ipleyiti eshushu, enemilo ehambelana ne-weld joint geometry yamalungu adityanisiweyo, ashukunyiswa kwindawo phakathi kwamacandelo amabini.Iiplateni ezimbini ezichasayo zihambisa iinxalenye ukuba zidibanise nepleyiti eshushu de ubushushu buthambisa i-interfaces ukuya kwindawo yokunyibilika kweplastiki.Xa le meko ifunyenwe ipleyiti eshushu iyasuswa, kwaye iindawo zicinezelwe kunye kwaye zibanjwe de i-weld joint iphole kwaye iphinde idibanise ukudala ibhondi esisigxina.

Isixhobo sokuwelda ipleyiti eshushu sihlala silawulwa nge-pneumatically, hydraulically, okanye ngombane ngee-servo motors.

Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iimoto phantsi kwezixhobo ze-hood, izinto ze-automotive trim yangaphakathi, izixhobo zokucoca zonyango, izixhobo zombane zabathengi, kunye nezinye izinto zangaphakathi zemoto.

High frequency welding

I-High Frequency welding, ekwaziwa njengeDielectric Ukutywinwa okanye iRadio Frequency (RF) Ukutywinwa kobushushu bubuchwephesha obukhule kakhulu obukhoyo ukusukela ngoo-1940s.Amaza e-electromagnetic frequency ephezulu kuluhlu lweRadio Frequencies anokufudumeza iipolymer ezithile ukuya ekuthambiseni iiplastiki ukuze zihlangane.Iiplastiki ezifudumeleyo, phantsi koxinzelelo zidibanisa kunye.Ukushisa kuveliswa ngaphakathi kwepolymer ngokuhlengahlengiswa ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iikhemikhali ze-dipoles ze-polymer, oku kuthetha ukuba ukufudumeza kunokwenziwa kwendawo, kwaye inkqubo inokuqhubeka.

Welding induction

Xa i-insulator yombane, njengeplastiki, ifakwe kwizinto ezinombane ophezulu, njengesinyithi okanye i-carbon fibers, i-induction welding inokwenziwa.Isixhobo se-welding siqulethe i-coil ye-induction enikwe amandla ngombane we-radio-frequency current.Oku kuvelisa indawo ye-electromagnetic esebenza nokuba kukuqhutywa kombane okanye i-ferromagnetic workpiece.Kwisixhobo sokusebenza esisebenza ngombane, eyona mpembelelo iphambili yokufudumeza kukufudumeza okuxhathisayo, okubangelwa yimisinga ebizwa ngokuba yi-eddy currents.Ukufakwa kwe-welding ye-carbon fiber eyomeleziweyo ye-thermoplastic yitekhnoloji edla ngokusetyenziswa kushishino lwe-aerospace.

Kwisixhobo sokusebenza se-ferromagnetic, iiplastiki zinokufakwa kwi-welded ngokuzibumba ngesinyithi okanye iikhompawundi ze-ferromagnetic, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-susceptors.Ezi susceptors zifunxa amandla e-electromagnetic kwi-coil induction, ziba shushu, kwaye ziphulukane namandla azo obushushu kwizinto ezijikelezileyo ngokuqhutywa kwe-thermal.

Isitofu welding

I-injection welding iyafana / iyafana ne-extrusion welding, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iingcebiso ezithile kwi-welder ephathwayo, umntu unokufaka incam kwimingxuma yesiphene yeplastiki yobukhulu obahlukeneyo kwaye ayifake ngaphakathi ngaphakathi.Inzuzo kukuba akukho fikelelo lufunekayo emva komngxuma osisiphene.Enye indawo sisiziba, ngaphandle kokuba isiziba asinako ukugungxulwa ngesanti ngeplastiki yoqobo ejikelezileyo ukuya kubukhulu obufanayo.I-PE kunye ne-PP yeyona nto ifanelekileyo kolu hlobo lwenkqubo.I-Drader injectiweld ngumzekelo wesixhobo esinjalo.

Ultrasonic welding

Kwi-welding ye-ultrasonic, i-frequency ephezulu (15 kHz ukuya kwi-40 kHz) i-amplitude vibration ephantsi isetyenziselwa ukudala ukushisa ngendlela yokudibanisa phakathi kwezinto eziza kudibaniswa.Ujongano lwala macandelo mabini luyilelwe ngokukodwa ukugxila kumandla owona mandla aphezulu e-weld.I-Ultrasonic ingasetyenziselwa phantse zonke izinto zeplastiki.Yeyona teknoloji yokutywinwa kobushushu obukhawulezayo obukhoyo.

I-friction welding

Kwi-welding ye-friction, iinxalenye ezimbini eziza kuhlanganiswa zixutywe kunye kwi-frequency ephantsi (ngokuqhelekileyo i-100-300 Hz) kunye ne-amplitude ephezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo i-1 ukuya kwi-2 mm (0.039 ukuya kwi-0.079 in)) kune-welding ye-ultrasonic.Ukungqubuzana okubangelwa ukunyakaza okudityanisiweyo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-clamping phakathi kwamacandelo amabini kudala ubushushu obuqala ukunyibilika iindawo zoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwamacandelo amabini.Ngeli xesha, izinto zeplastiki ziqala ukwenza iileyile ezidibanisa enye kwenye, ezibangela ukuba i-weld ibe namandla.Ekugqityweni kwesindululo sokungcangcazela, amalungu ahlala ebambene de ijoyini ye-weld iphole kwaye iplastiki enyibilikisiweyo iphinde izinze.Ukunyakaza kwe-friction kunokuba ngumgca okanye i-orbital, kunye noyilo oludibeneyo lwamacandelo amabini kufuneka luvumele le ntshukumo.

Spin welding

I-Spin welding luhlobo oluthile lwe-welding ye-frictional.Ngale nkqubo, icandelo elinye elinomjikelo we-weld ojikelezayo libanjwa limile, ngelixa icandelo lokukhwelana lijikeleziswa ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye licinezelwe ngokuchasene necandelo elimileyo.Ingxabano ejikelezayo phakathi kwamacandelo amabini ivelisa ubushushu.Nje ukuba iindawo ezidityanisiweyo zifikelele kwimo encibilikisiweyo, icandelo lokusonta liyamiswa ngesiquphe.Ukunyanzeliswa kumacandelo amabini kugcinwa de i-weld joint iphole kwaye iphinde iqinise.Le yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa amavili eplastiki aphantsi naphakathi, umz., izinto zokudlala, iinqwelo zokuthenga, imigqomo yokurisayikilishwa, njl.njl. Le nkqubo ikwasetyenziselwa ukuwelda ukuvuleka kwezibuko ezahlukeneyo zibe yimoto phantsi kwezixhobo zehood.

Ukuwelda kweLaser

Obu buchule bufuna ukuba indawo enye idluliselwe kumqadi welaser kwaye mhlawumbi enye inxalenye ifunxe okanye igqunywe kumda wojongano ukuze ifunxe kumqadi.Amacandelo amabini abekwe phantsi koxinzelelo ngelixa i-laser beam ihamba ngomgca wokujoyina.Umqadi udlula kwinxalenye yokuqala kwaye ufunxwe yenye okanye ukwambathisa ukuvelisa ubushushu obaneleyo ukuthambisa i-interface edala i-weld esisigxina.

Ii-laser diode ze-semiconductor ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi-welding yeplastiki.Ubude bamaza kuluhlu lwe-808 nm ukuya kwi-980 nm lunokusetyenziselwa ukudibanisa indibaniselwano yemathiriyeli eyahlukeneyo yeplastiki.Amanqanaba ombane ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-1W ukuya kwi-100W ayafuneka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto, ubukhulu kunye nesantya senkqubo efunwayo.

Ukuwelda okunyibilikayo

Kwi-welding ye-solvent, i-solvent isetyenzisiweyo enokuthi ichithe i-polymer okwesikhashana kwiqondo lokushisa.Xa oku kusenzeka, amatyathanga epholima akhululekile ukuba ahambe kulwelo kwaye anokuxubana namanye amatyathanga anyibilikiswe ngokufanayo kwelinye icandelo.Ukunikezelwa kwexesha elaneleyo, i-solvent iya kutyhutyha i-polymer kwaye iphumele kwindawo, ukuze amatyathanga alahlekelwe ukuhamba kwawo.Oku kushiya ubunzima obuqinileyo bamatyathanga epholima ephothiweyo enza i-weld enyibilikayo.

Ubuchwephesha busetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukudibanisa i-PVC kunye ne-ABS umbhobho, njengakwimibhobho yendlu."I-gluing" kunye neplastiki (i-polycarbonate, i-polystyrene okanye i-ABS) imodeli nayo yinkqubo ye-welding ye-solvent.