I-PTFE vs Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)

I-Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) (i-conjugate base perfluorooctanoate), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-C8, i-synthetic perfluorinated carboxylic acid kunye ne-fluorosurfactant.Olunye usetyenziso lwemizi-mveliso lufana ne-surfactant kwi-emulsion polymerization ye-fluoropolymers.Isetyenziselwe ukuveliswa kweempahla zabathengi ezibalaseleyo njengepolytetrafluoroethylene (eyaziwa ngokuba yipolymer).I-PFOA yenziwe ukusukela kwi-1940s kumanani amashishini.Ikwaqulunqwa ngokuthotywa kwezinto ezandulelayo ezifana nezinye ii-fluorotelomers.

I-PTFE ibikusetyenziso lwezorhwebo ukusukela ngoo-1940.Inoluhlu olubanzi losetyenziso kuba izinzile ngokugqithisileyo (ayisebenzi kunye nezinye iikhemikhali) kwaye inokubonelela ngomphezulu ophantse ungabina friction.Uninzi lwabantu luyiqhelile njengendawo yokugquma engabambekiyo yeepani kunye nezinye izixhobo zokupheka.Ikwasetyenziswa nakwezinye iimveliso ezininzi, ezifana nezikhuseli zelaphu.

I-Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-C8, yenye ikhemikhali eyenziwe ngumntu.Isetyenziswe kwinkqubo yokwenza i-polymer kunye neekhemikhali ezifanayo (ezaziwa ngokuba yi-fluorotelomers), nangona itshiswa ngexesha lenkqubo kwaye ayikho kwiimali ezibalulekileyo kwiimveliso zokugqibela.

I-PFOA inamandla okuba yinkxalabo yezempilo kuba inokuhlala kwindawo kunye nomzimba womntu ixesha elide.Uphononongo lufumanise ukuba lukhona kwihlabathi liphela kumanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu malunga negazi lomntu wonke.Amanqanaba aphezulu egazi afunyenwe kubahlali basekuhlaleni apho amanzi asekuhlaleni aye angcoliswa yi-PFOA.Abantu abavezwe kwiPFOA emsebenzini banokuba namanqanaba amatyeli amaninzi aphezulu.

I-PFOA kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ezifanayo zinokufumaneka kumanqanaba aphantsi kwezinye ukutya, amanzi okusela, kunye nothuli lwasekhaya.Nangona amanqanaba ePFOA kumanzi okusela ehlala ephantsi, anokuba phezulu kwiindawo ezithile, njengezityalo ezikufutshane nemichiza ezisebenzisa iPFOA.

Abantu banokuvezwa kwi-PFOA ukusuka kwi-ski wax okanye kwiilaphu kunye nekhaphethi eziye zaphathwa ukuba zinganyangeki.I-cookware engabambekiyo ayingomthombo ubalulekileyo wokuvezwa kwePFOA.

Izifundo ezininzi kwiminyaka yakutshanje zijonge ukuba kungenzeka ukuba iPFOA ibangele umhlaza.Abaphandi basebenzisa iintlobo ezi-2 eziphambili zezifundo ukuzama ukufumanisa ukuba into enjalo inokubangela umhlaza.

Izifundo elebhu

Kuphononongo olwenziwe kwilebhu, izilwanyana zichanabeka kwinto ethile (ehlala ikwiidosi ezinkulu kakhulu) ukubona ukuba ibangela amathumba okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo.Abaphandi banokubhengeza iiseli zomntu kwisitya selebhu kwinto ukuze babone ukuba ibangela iintlobo zotshintsho olubonwa kwiiseli zomhlaza.

Izifundo kwizilwanyana zaselebhu zifumene ukuvezwa kwi-PFOA yonyusa umngcipheko wamathumba athile esibindi, amasende, amadlala amabele (amabele), kunye neepancreas kwezi zilwanyana.Ngokubanzi, izifundo eziqhutywe kakuhle kwizilwanyana zenza umsebenzi olungileyo wokuxela kwangaphambili ukuba yeyiphi i-exposures ebangela umhlaza ebantwini.Kodwa akucaci ukuba indlela le khemikhali ichaphazela ngayo umngcipheko womhlaza kwizilwanyana iya kuba yinto efanayo ebantwini.

Izifundo ebantwini

Ezinye iintlobo zezifundo zijonga amazinga omhlaza kumaqela ahlukeneyo abantu.Ezi zifundo zinokuthelekisa izinga lomhlaza kwiqela elivezwe kwinto ethile kwinqanaba lomhlaza kwiqela elingavezwanga kulo, okanye lithelekise nezinga lomhlaza kubemi ngokubanzi.Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba iziphumo zolu phando zithetha ntoni, kuba ezinye izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela iziphumo.

Izifundo zijonge abantu abavezwe kwiPFOA ukusuka kufutshane okanye ukusebenza kwizityalo zemichiza.Ezinye zezi zifundo zicebise ukonyuka komngcipheko womhlaza wetyhalarha ngokuvezwa kwePFOA eyongeziweyo.Uphononongo lukwacebise amakhonkco anokubakho kumhlaza wezintso kunye nomhlaza wegilo, kodwa ukonyuka komngcipheko bekuncinci kwaye bekunokuba kungenxa yamathuba.

Olunye uphononongo lucebise amakhonkco anokubakho kwamanye ama-cancer, kuquka i-prostate, isinyi, kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.Kodwa ayizizo zonke izifundo ezifumene amakhonkco anjalo, kwaye uphando oluninzi luyafuneka ukucacisa ezi ziphumo.