Iintlobo zezixhobo ze-extrusion kunye ne-extrusion

I-Extrusion yinkqubo yokuguqula i-compressive apho ibhloko yentsimbi igxininiswe nge-orifice okanye i-fae opening ukuze ifumane ukunciphisa ububanzi kunye nokwanda kobude bebhloko yesinyithi.Imveliso enesiphumo iya kuba necandelo elinqamlezayo elifunwayo.I-Extrusion ibandakanya ukubunjwa kweengxenye ze-axisymmetric.I-Dies of setyhula kwi-non-circular cross-section isetyenziselwa i-extrusion.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-extrusion ibandakanya amandla amakhulu okwenza.Uxinzelelo olukhulu lwe-hydrostatic kwi-extrusion inceda kwinkqubo ngokuphucula i-ductility yezinto.Iintsimbi ezifana nealuminium, ezisebenza lula, zinokukhutshelwa kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi.

Iintlobo ze-extrusion:

I-extrusion ngqo:I-extrusion ethe ngqo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-foward extrusion, yinkqubo apho i-billet ihamba kwicala elinye njengenkunzi yegusha kunye ne-punch.Ukutyibilika kwebhilethi kuchasene nodonga lwesikhongozeli esimileyo. Ukukhuhlana phakathi kwesikhongozeli kunye nebhilethi kuphezulu.Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka amandla amakhulu.Ibhloko ye-dummy enedayamitha esezantsi kancinane kunobubanzi bebillet isetyenziselwa ukuthintela i-oxidation yebillet kwi-extrusion eshushu.amacandelo umgobo ezifana iityhubhu zinokukhutshelwa ngendlela ngqo, ngokusebenzisa billet hollow kunye mandrel encanyathiselwe block dummy.

I-extrusion engathanga ngqo:I-extrusion engathanga ngqo (i-extrusion yangasemva) yinkqubo apho i-punch ihamba ngokuchaseneyo naleyo yebillet.Apha akukho ntshukumo ihambelanayo phakathi kwesikhongozeli kunye nebillet.Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukukhuhlana okuncinci kwaye ngenxa yoko amandla ancitshisiweyo ayafuneka kwi-extrusion engathanga ngqo.Ukukhupha iziqwenga eziqinileyo, i-punch engenanto iyafuneka.Kwi-extrusion emngxunyeni, imathiriyeli inyanzeliswa kwisithuba sonyaka phakathi kwepunch eqinileyo kunye nesikhongozeli.Ukwahluka koxinzelelo lwe-extrusion kwi-extrusion engathanga ngqo kuboniswe ngasentla.Njengoko kubonwa, uxinzelelo lwe-extrusion lwe-extrusion olungathanga ngqo lungaphantsi kunolo lwe-extrusion ngqo.Amacandelo amaninzi enziwa ngokudibanisa ii-extrusions ezithe ngqo kunye nezingathanga ngqo.I-extrusion engathanga ngqo ayinakusetyenziselwa ukukhupha imida emide.

I-Hydrostatic extrusion:Kwi-hydrostatic extrusion isikhongozeli sigcwaliswa ngolwelo.Uxinzelelo lwe-Extrusion lugqithiselwa ngolwelo ukuya kwibillet.Ukukhuhlana kuyapheliswa kule nkqubo ngenxa yokuba akukho qhagamshelwano phakathi kwebillet kunye nodonga lwesikhongozeli.Izinto ezinqabileyo zinokukhutshelwa ngale nkqubo.Izinto ezinqabileyo kakhulu zinokukhutshelwa kwigumbi loxinzelelo.Ukunciphisa okukhulu kunokwenzeka ngale ndlela.Uxinzelelo olubandakanyekayo kwinkqubo lunokuthi lube phezulu njenge-1700 MPa.Uxinzelelo lulinganiselwe ngamandla esitya, i-punch kunye nezixhobo zokufa.Ioli yemifuno efana neoli ye-castor isetyenziswa.Ngokuqhelekileyo le nkqubo iqhutyelwa kwiqondo lokushisa.Isibini sezinto ezingalunganga zenkqubo zezi: ukuvuza kweoli ecinezelekileyo kunye nesantya esingalawulekiyo sokukhutshwa ekuphumeni, ngenxa yokukhululwa kwamandla agcinwe ngeoli.Oku kunokubangela ukothuka koomatshini.Le ngxaki yoyiswa ngokwenza ukuba i-punch idibane ne-billet kunye nokunciphisa ubuninzi be-oyile ngokukhutshwa okuncinci phakathi kwe-billet kunye ne-container.

Impembelelo ye-extrusion:Amacandelo angenanto afana neekomityi, izitya zokuxutywa kwamazinyo zenziwe ngempembelelo ye-extrusion.Kukwahluka kwe-extrusion engathanga ngqo.I-punch yenziwe ukubetha i-slug ngesantya esiphezulu ngomthwalo wempembelelo.Iityhubhu ezinobunzima obuncinci bodonga zinokuveliswa.Ngokwesiqhelo iintsimbi ezifana nobhedu, ialuminiyam, ilothe ziyakhutshelwa ngaphandle.

Umbhobho extrusion:Ukusebenzisa i-billet engenanto kunye ne-mandrel ekupheleni kwenkunzi yegusha, amacandelo avulekileyo anjengeetyhubhu zinokugqithiswa kwi-tolerances esondeleyo.I-mandrel ifikelela ekungeneni kokufa.Usulelo phakathi mandrel kunye die eludongeni isigqibo ubukhulu bodonga ityhubhu.I-mandrel yenziwe ukuba ihambe kunye nenkunzi yegusha ukuze wenze imibhobho egxininisekileyo ngokuphuma.

I-extrusion ebandayo kunye neshushu:

I-extrusion ebandayo inokuvelisa iindawo ezinomphezulu ogqityiweyo, amandla aphezulu ngenxa yokuqina koxinzelelo, ukuchaneka okuphuculweyo, izinga eliphezulu lemveliso.Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ifuna uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye izixhobo ziphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu.I-lubrication efanelekileyo iyimfuneko ekuthinteleni ukubanjwa kwesixhobo kunye nomsebenzi.Iibhilithi ezigqunywe ngephosphate zithanjiswa ngesepha.

I-extrusion eshushu ingaqeshwa kwimilinganiselo ephezulu ye-extrusion.I-deformation inhomogeneous ingenzeka ngenxa yokufa kodonga lwe-billet.Isinyithi sinokufumana i-oxidized.Umaleko we-oxide unokunyusa ukukhuhlana kunye nokuhamba kwezinto.Iglasi isetyenziswa njengesithambiso kwi-extrusion eshushu.Imolybdenum disulfide okanye igraphite zizithambisi eziqinileyo ezisetyenziswa kwi extrusion eshushu.I-extrusion enkonkxiweyo kusetyenziswa iitoti ezibhityileyo ezinodonga ezenziwe ngobhedu okanye itoti idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukukhupha iintsimbi ezisebenza kakhulu kunye nomgubo wentsimbi.

Extrusion press:

Izicinezeli ze-hydraulic zohlobo oluthe nkqo okanye oluthe tye lusetyenziselwa ukukhupha.Oomatshini bokushicilela abathe nkqo banomthamo ukusuka kwi-3 ukuya kwi-20 MN.Oomatshini bokushicilela abathe tyaba bathatha indawo encinane, kodwa iibhilithi zipholiswa ngendlela engaqhelekanga.Kusetyenziswa ucinezelo oluthe tyaba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 MN.I-extrusions ye-tubular yenziwa kakhulu kwii-presses ezithe nkqo, ngelixa ucinezelo oluthe tye lusetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwebar.