Izakhiwo eziqinile zisetshenziswe iminyaka eyinkulungwane.Lapho abantu bomdabu bedinga indawo yokukhosela engasindi futhi eqinile ngokwesakhiwo, izindwangu ezenziwe ngezikhumba zezilwane nezinto ezithwala kalula kwakuyisixazululo esisebenza kakhulu.E-Roman Colosseum, i-Velarium ehoxiswayo inikeze umthunzi ukuze izibukeli zikhululeke kakhudlwana.Manje, i-ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) inikeza amathuba amasha.
Umkhiqizo omusha uma kuqhathaniswa embonini, i-ETFE iyipulasitiki esekwe ku-fluorine ehlala iqinile emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene futhi imelana kakhulu nokugqwala.Yasungulwa isuka ku-polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE)—eyaziwa nangokuthi i-polymer—ulwelwesi lwendwangu oluqinile, olungasindi, olukwazi ukumelana nomlilo olwakhelwa kuqala ukuhlotshaniswa kwezingubo zokuhlola indawo, kodwa kamuva lwasetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo kanye nezimvilophu ezisobala.
Iyini i-ETFE?Nakuba izakhiwo zengilazi zihlinzeka ngokudluliswa kokukhanya kwelanga okufanayo kanye nokwahlukanisa, i-ETFE iqinile kakhulu, isobala kakhulu, futhi ilula kakhulu—icishe ibe yiphesenti elilodwa lesisindo sengilazi.Ekuqaleni isetshenziswa ezicelweni zezolimo, i-ETFE selokhu yasetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi asezingeni eliphezulu afana ne-Eden Project botanical attraction (Cornwall, England), i-Allianz Arena (ikhaya le-FC Bayern Munich yebhola likanobhutshuzwayo), kanye ne-Beijing National Aquatics Centre—edumile. I-Water Cube evezwe Emidlalweni Yasehlobo yango-2008.Ifilimu ye-ETFE manje isithathwa njengempahla ephambili yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuvala izinto obala kusukela ekufuleleni kuya ekwakhiweni kwe-facade kuya ekusetshenzisweni kokukhanya kwesibhakabhaka kwendabuko kuya ezakhiweni ezinde.
Zimbalwa izinto zokwakha ezingafanisa i-ETFE ngokuguquguquka komklamo wayo kanye nenani lokusebenza.Nge-Nantong Park Bon-Garden Greenhouse yase-China, ukusebenza okushisayo kwempahla kanye nezindawo zokudlulisa ukukhanya zisekela ukulima kwezimbali okuphumelelayo kuyilapho zithola idizayini yedome ekhanyisiwe eyingqayizivele.E-Empire City Casino eYonkers Raceway eNew York, i-porte-cochere ene-1020-m2(11,000-sf) isistimu yokufulela ifilimu ye-ETFE ye-pneumatic ibonisa ikhono lezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze lihlangabezane nezidingo eziyingqayizivele zobuhle nezokusebenza—ingahlinzeki nje ngento yokuklama eheha amehlo kuphela, kodwa futhi nendawo yokukhosela kanye nomthunzi kubahlali abalindele okukhulu ukunethezeka.
I-ETFE iphinde ibe ngenye yezinto zokuvala ezingasindi futhi ezisobala ezitholakalayo.Ngenxa ye-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, akukho luthuli noma ukungcola okunamathela kuyo.Njengoba i-ultraviolet (UV) isobala, ayiguquki futhi ayibi buthakathaka ngokwesakhiwo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Umkhiqizo osimeme kakhulu, imikhiqizo yokukhiqiza ye-ETFE ingalungiswa kabusha ibe yimikhiqizo emisha ye-ETFE efana nezingxenye zamashubhu, izintambo, noma ukulingisa.
E-Nanton Park Bon-Gardens Greenhouse e-China, umhlangano wokufulela ohlanganisa amanani okusebenza efilimu ye-ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) anikela ekulimeni okuchumayo kanye nobuhle obuyisithonjana.
Izici zokusebenzaIfilimu ye-ETFE iletha izinzuzo eziningi kubahlali kanye nomnikazi webhilidi.Ifilimu ingaba sobala phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-90 nangama-95, ivumele ukudluliswa kwe-UV kanye ne-photosynthesis yezinhlelo zokusebenza zezolimo.Ububanzi bokusebenza kwelanga bezinhlelo zefilimu ze-ETFE nazo ziyaguquguquka, njengoba zingafaka amaphethini amaningi we-frit kungqimba eyodwa noma eziningi.
Amaphethini aphrintiwe ajwayelekile noma angokwezifiso kanye nobubanzi bemibala kungasetshenziswa phakathi nenqubo ye-extrusion ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukuqhubeka kwedizayini kuso sonke isakhiwo futhi kunikele ezimpahleni zokulawula ilanga.Amafilimu e-ETFE nawo anwebeka kakhulu.Kuze kufike kumaphesenti angu-600 lapho kuphuka khona, basamelana nesakhiwo.Amandla aqinile emkhawulweni wokunwebeka/iplasticity ngu-21 kuya ku-23 N/mm2(3045 ukuya ku-3335 lbf/si), kodwa amandla aqinile ukuya endaweni yokuphuka ngu-52 N/mm2(7542 lbf/si).Esibalweni sesakhiwo, umkhawulo ongu-15 N/mm2(2175 lbf/si) ithathwa njengesilinganiso esingokoqobo esilondolozayo.
I-ETFE ayohlisi ngaphansi kokuchayeka ekungcoleni kwemvelo, ukukhanya kwe-UV, amakhemikhali anokhahlo, noma amazinga okushisa adlulele, okuyenza ibe into ehlala isikhathi eside.Ifilimu ye-ETFE iphinde ibe namaphesenti angama-70 wokudluliselwa kwe-acoustic, okuyenza ilungele amaphrojekthi alindele imisindo ephezulu.Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komklamo, ukudluliswa komsindo kufanele kucatshangelwe, njengoba kuzodlulisela ngempela umsindo ngale kwesistimu ye-ETFE nasezindaweni eziseduze eziseduze.
Kusukela ekukhishweni kwefilimu kuya ekuthuthweni ukuya endaweni, i-ETFE iyasimema futhi iyonga amandla.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto zokugqoka, inqubo yokwakha i-design-build ishiya i-carbon footprint encane.Amasistimu we-ETFE ahlanganisa izinto ezinamandla ahlanganiswe aphansi asuswayo futhi aphinde asetshenziswe.Izinga lokushisa eliphansi elithambile lefilimu ye-ETFE lenza inqubo yokuvuselela ifilimu isebenze kahle futhi iyonga.I-ETFE iphinde ithuthukise ukwahlukanisa nokukhanya kwasemini, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla omhlaba wesakhiwo.Ibuye ibe nesisindo esingavamile uma iqhathaniswa nezinto eziqhudelanayo, ivumela amasistimu osekelo lwesakhiwo esingaphansi nezisekelo ezikhonkolo ukuthi zakhelwe ngendlela esebenza kahle futhi engabizi kakhulu, okunikela ekuncishisweni kwekhabhoni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-01-2017