Izakhiwo ze-Fluoropolymer Monomer

I-Fluoropolymer Monomer Synthesis: Tetrafluoroethylene;Hexafluoropropylene;Perfluoroalkyl Vinyl Ethers;Chlorotrifluoroethylene;Vinylidene Fluoride;Vinyl Fluoride.

Izakhiwo ze-Tetrafluoroethylene

I-Tetrafluoroethylene iyigesi engenambala, engenaphunga, ayinambitheki, engenabuthi ebilisa ku-76.3 C futhi incibilika ku-142.5 C. Izinga lokushisa elibalulekile nokucindezela kwe-TFE kungu-33.3 C no-3.92 MPa.I-TFE igcinwa njengoketshezi;umfutho womhwamuko ku-20 C ungu-1 MPa.Ukushisa kwayo kokwakheka kubikwa ukuthi kuyi-151.9 kcal / imvukuzane.I-Polymerization ye-TFE i-exothermic kakhulu futhi ikhiqiza u-41.12 kcal/imvukuzane eshisisa izinga elingaqhathaniswa nokushisa kwe-polymerization ye-vinyl chloride ne-styrene, ku-23-26 kcal/mole kanye no-16.7 kcal/imvukuzane, ngokulandelana.

Ukugcinwa okuphephile kwe-TFE kudinga okuqukethwe kwayo komoyampilo kube ngaphansi kuka-20 ppm.Izinga lokushisa nokucindezela kufanele kulawulwe ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwayo.Ukwenyusa izinga lokushisa, ikakhulukazi ngomfutho ophakeme, kungaqala ukuwohloka lapho ungekho umoya (i-TFE yehlisa i-carbon tetrafluoride).Lapho kukhona umoya noma umoya-mpilo, i-TFE yenza izingxube eziqhumayo ebangeni lephesenti le-molar lika-14-43%.Ukuqhunyiswa kwengxube ye-TFE nomoya-mpilo kungakhuphula ingcindezi enkulu ibe izikhathi eziyi-100 kunokucindezela kokuqala.

Izici ze-Hexafluoropropylene

EIzinga lokushisa elibalulekile nokucindezela kwe-HFP kungu-85 C no-3254 MPa.Ngokungafani ne-TFE, i-HFP izinzile ngokwedlulele ngokuphathelene nokwenza i-autopolymerization futhi ingase igcinwe esimweni soketshezi ngaphandle kokwengezwa kwe-telogen.I-HFP izinzile ngokushisa kuze kufike ku-400e500 C. Cishe ku-600 C ngaphansi kwe-vacuum, iyabola futhi ikhiqize i-octafluoro-2-butene (CF3CF¼CFCF3) ne-octa-fluoroisobutylene.

Izakhiwo ze-Perfluoroalkyl Vinyl Ethers

I-Perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers (PAVE) yakha isigaba esibalulekile sama-monomers ngoba angama-comonomers akhethwayo "ukuguqulwa" kwezakhiwo zama-homofluoropolymers ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa okubanzi esakhiweni sama-copolymers we-TFE.Ububi bamaPAVE njengezilungisi phezu kwe-HFP ukuzinza kwawo okushisayo okumangalisayo.Isibonelo esibalulekile kwezentengiso i-per-fluoropropyl vinyl ether (PPVE).I-PPVE iwuketshezi olungenaphunga, olungenambala ezingeni lokushisa legumbi.Ivutha kakhulu futhi ivutha ilangabi elingenambala.Inobuthi obuncane kune-HFP.

Izici ze-Chlorotrifluoroethylene

I-Chlorotrifluoroethylene igesi engenambala ekamelweni lokushisa nokucindezela.Iyingozi kakhulu nge-LC50 (igundane) ekuchayekeni kwamahora angu-4 kanye nokugxilisana okungu-4000 ppm.Inokushisa okubalulekile nokucindezela kwe-105.8 C kanye ne-4.03 MPa.I-CTFE yomoya-mpilo ne-liquid isabela futhi yakhe ama-peroxides emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu.Inani lemikhiqizo ene-oxygen, njenge-chlorodifluoroacetylfluoride, ikhiqizwa i-oxidation ye-CTFE.Ukusabela okufanayo kungenzeka nge-photochemically esigabeni somhwamuko.I-Chlorotrifluoroethylene oxide iwumkhiqizo walokhu kusabela.Ama-peroxides asebenza njengabaqalisi be-polymerization ye-CTFE, engenzeka ngobudlova.

Izakhiwo zeVinylidene Fluoride

I-Vinylidene fluoride, (CH2¼CF2), [49] iyakwazi ukusha futhi iyigesi ekamelweni lokushisa.Ayinambala futhi ayinuki futhi ibilisa ku-84 C. I-VDF ingenza izingxube eziqhumayo ngomoya.I-Polymerization yaleli gesi iyingozi kakhulu futhi kwenzeka ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi nokucindezela.

Izakhiwo zeVinyl Fluoride

I-Vinyl fluoride (75-02-5) (i-fluoroethene) igesi engenambala ezimeni ezizungezile.Ivutha emoyeni phakathi kwemikhawulo engu-2.6 no-22% ngevolumu.Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokuthungela le-VF nezingxube zomoya ngu-400 C. Ukwengeza inani lokulandela umkhondo (<0.2%) lama-terpenes kusebenza kahle ukuvimbela ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization okuzenzakalelayo kwe-VF.I-VF evinjiwe ichazwe njengegesi evuthayo nguMnyango Wezokuthutha wase-US.