Ukuqonda izincazelo ezibonakalayo ezivezwe kulesi sahluko sisodwa kungase kubonakale kunenzuzo ngokwanele kubafundi abaningi, futhi kubasize ukuba bathuthukise izinqubo zabo nemikhiqizo.I-polymer extruder isetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa i-polymer eqinile futhi ilethe i-polymer encibilikisiwe yezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokubumba noma zokubumba.Isikulufu siwukuphela kwengxenye esebenzayo ye-extruder.Zonke ezinye izingxenye (motho, igiya-ibhokisi, ihopper, umphongolo kanye nefa, njll.) zinikeza nje ukwesekwa okudingekayo ukuze isikulufu sisebenze kahle.Iyonke imisebenzi ye-extruder iboniswa ngezansi.
Umsebenzi wokuphakelayo wokudlulisa i-polymer yokuphakelayo isuka ku-hopper iye esiteshini sesikulufu kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesikulufu, futhi empeleni awuncikile ekwakhiweni kwesikulufu.Isikulufu senza imisebenzi emithathu eyisisekelo: (1) umsebenzi wokudlulisa oqinile, (2) umsebenzi wokuncibilika, kanye (3) nomsebenzi wokukala amamitha noma umsebenzi wokupompa.Imisebenzi emithathu yezikulufu yenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa phezu kweningi lobude besikulufu futhi incike kakhulu kwezinye.Igama lejiyomethri lengxenye yesikulufu njengesigaba sokuphakela, eliboniswe eSahlukweni 1;Umdwebo 1.3, awukhombisi ukuphela komsebenzi wesigaba sesikulufa.Isibonelo, isigaba sokuphakela asigcini nje ngokwenza umsebenzi oqinile wokudlulisa, kodwa futhi nemisebenzi yokuncibilika kanye nemitha.Isikulufu futhi senza eminye imisebenzi yesibili efana nokuxutshwa kokusabalalisa, ukuxutshwa kwe-dispersive, nokucwenga i-shear noma i-homogenization.Ukuxutshwa kokusabalalisa kubhekisela ekuhlelweni kabusha kwesikhala kwezingxenye ezihlukene, futhi ukuxutshwa kokusabalalisa kubhekisela ekuncishisweni kosayizi bezingxenye njengoba kuchazwe eSahlukweni 2;Isigaba 2.6.4.Ukucwengwa kwe-Shear kubhekisela ekuhlanganiseni ama-molecule e-polymer ngokugunda.I-single-screw extruder iyiphampu yevolumu eqhubekayo ngaphandle kwamandla okuxuba emuva futhi ngaphandle nekhono lokudlulisa elihle.Okungena kusikulufa kuqala, kuphuma kusikulufu kuqala.I-polymer, eqinile noma encibilikayo, yehlisa ishaneli yesikulufu ngamandla asetshenziswa ku-polymer ngesikulufu esizungezayo kanye nomgqomo omile.Ayikho indlela yokudlulisa kahle i-polymer eduze kwesikulufa seshaneli siye endaweni.Isikulufu esizungezayo sibamba i-polymer bese sizama ukuzungezisa i-polymer ngaso.Ake sithi umgqomo ususiwe ku-extruder, noma ugcotshwe ngokuphelele, ukuze unganikezi ukumelana nokunyakaza kwe-polymer.Khona-ke i-polymer imane ijikeleze ngesikulufu ngesivinini esifanayo futhi akukho lutho oluphuma ku-screw.Umphongolo omile unikeza amandla okuphuka ku-polymer ejikelezayo futhi wenze i-polymer ishelele kancane endaweni yesikulufu.I-polymer isazungeza ngesikulufu sihlikihla endaweni yomphongolo, kodwa ngesivinini esingaphansi kancane kunesikulufu, ngenxa yokushelela.Ukushelela kwe-polymer endaweni eyisikulufu eduze kwesikulufa seshaneli kubangela izinga lokuphumayo.Indawo yesikulufu esigcotshiwe inyusa izinga lokuphumayo, kodwa indawo yombhobho egcotshiwe inciphisa izinga lokuphumayo ngendlela elimazayo.Kuyaqondakala ngokucacile ukuthi kungani izikulufu zezentengiselwano zicwebezeliswe kakhulu, futhi kungani kuthandwa imiphongolo egobile esigabeni sokuphakelayo.Nakuba izinqubo eziningi zezentengiselwano zathuthukiswa ngokwamandla kunokuba zisekelwe ekuhlaziyeni kwetiyori, ngokuqinisekile ziyavumelana nemibono yetiyori eyisisekelo.Izindlela ezingaphakathi kwe-extruder yesikulufu esisodwa zicwaningwa ngokuhlola i-polymer cross-sections eduze kwesiteshi sesikulufu esithathwe "emihloleni yokuqandisa isikulufu".Esivivinyweni sokuqandisa isikulufa esiqaliswe ngu-Maddock [1], isikulufu sisetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okuzinzile.Bese, isikulufu siyamiswa bese kusetshenziswa ukupholisa kwamanzi emgqonyeni (futhi nakuso isikulufu uma kungenzeka) ukuze kumiswe i-polymer ngaphakathi kwesiteshi sesikulufu.Umgqomo uyashisisa futhi ukuze uncibilikise i-polymer, futhi isikulufu siphushwa ngaphandle komgqomo njengoba i-polymer iqala ukuncibilika phezu kombhobho.Bese, umucu we-polymer oqinisiwe uyasuswa esiteshini esikulufi futhi usikwe ezindaweni eziningi ukuze kuhlolwe izingxenye eziphambanayo eduze kwesiteshi sesikulufu.Amanye ama-pellets anemibala axutshwe kokuphakelayo ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo indlela yokuncibilika kanye nephethini yokugeleza.Ama-pellets anemibala agcina izimo zawo uma ehlala eqinile ngaphakathi kombhede oqinile ngaphambi kokuba isikulufu sime, kodwa aguqe futhi abe imicu ngaphakathi kwechibi elincibilikayo uma encibilika ngaphambi kokuba isikulufu sime.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-16-2019