Ukushisela ipulasitikiiwukushisela izinto zepulasitiki ezingaqediwe, futhi ichazwa ku-ISO 472 njengenqubo yokuhlanganisa izindawo ezithambile zezinto zokwakha, ngokuvamile ngosizo lokushisa (ngaphandle kokushisela okuncibilikayo).Ukushiselwa kwe-thermoplastic kwenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu ezilandelanayo, okungukuthi ukulungiswa kwendawo, ukusetshenziswa kokushisa nokucindezela, kanye nokupholisa.
Ukushisela igesi eshisayo
I-hot gas welding, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-hot air welding, iyindlela yokushisela ipulasitiki esebenzisa ukushisa.Isibhamu sokushisa esiklanywe ngokukhethekile, esibizwa ngokuthi i-hot air welder, sikhiqiza indiza yomoya oshisayo ethambisa zombili izingxenye ezizohlanganiswa kanye nenduku yokugcwalisa ipulasitiki, konke okumelwe kube okwepulasitiki efanayo noma efana kakhulu.(Ukushisela i-PVC ku-acrylic kuyinto ehlukile kulo mthetho.)
Ukushisela umoya oshisayo/igesi kuyindlela evamile yokwenza izinto ezincane ezifana namathangi amakhemikhali, amathange amanzi, izishintshisi zokushisa, nezinto zokufaka amapayipi amanzi.
Endabeni yamawebhu namafilimu induku yokugcwalisa angeke isetshenziswe.Amashidi amabili epulasitiki ashiswa ngegesi eshisayo (noma into yokufudumeza) bese egoqwa ndawonye.Lena inqubo yokushisela esheshayo futhi ingenziwa ngokuqhubekayo.
I-Speed tip welding
Ngokushisela isivinini, i-plastic welder, efana ne-soldering iron ngokubukeka kanye ne-wattage, ifakwe ishubhu lokuphakelayo lenduku ye-plastic weld.Ithiphu yesivinini ishisa induku kanye ne-substrate, kuyilapho ngesikhathi esifanayo icindezela induku yokushisela encibilikisiwe endaweni.Ubuhlalu bepulasitiki ethambile bubekwa endaweni ehlanganyelwe, futhi izingxenye kanye ne-weld rod fuse.Ngezinye izinhlobo zepulasitiki ezifana ne-polypropylene, induku yokushisela encibilikisiwe kufanele "ixutshwe" ne-semi-melted base material eyakhiwe noma elungiswayo.Lezi zindlela zokushisela ziye zathuthukiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi sezisetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ngabakhi bepulasitiki abachwepheshile nabalungisayo emhlabeni jikelele.Indlela yokushisela ithiphu esheshayo iyindlela yokushisela esheshayo futhi ngokuzijwayeza ingasetshenziswa emakhoneni aqinile.Inguqulo yethiphu yesivinini "isibhamu" empeleni iyinsimbi ehlanganisiwe enethiphu ebanzi, eyisicaba engasetshenziswa ukuncibilikisa i-weld joint kanye nezinto zokugcwalisa ukuze kwakheke isibopho.
I-extrusion welding
I-Extrusion welding ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwama-welds amakhulu endaweni eyodwa yokushisela.Kuyindlela ekhethwayo yokuhlanganisa impahla engaphezu kuka-6 mm ubukhulu.Induku yokushisela idonswa esandleni esincane esiphethwe ipulasitiki extruder, yenziwe ipulasitiki, futhi iphoqelelwe ukuphuma ku-extruder ngokumelene nezingxenye ezihlanganiswayo, ezithanjiswa ngendiza yomoya oshisayo ukuvumela ukubopha kwenzeke.
Xhumana ne-welding
Lokhu kuyafana nokushisela indawo ngaphandle kokuthi ukushisa kunikezwa ukuqhutshwa okushisayo kwamathiphu wokuncinza esikhundleni sokushintshwa kukagesi.Izingxenye ezimbili zepulasitiki zihlanganiswa lapho amathiphu ashisayo azincisha khona, ancibilike futhi ahlanganise izingxenye kule nqubo.
I-hot plate welding
Okuhlobene ne-welding yokuxhumana, le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukushisela izingxenye ezinkulu, noma izingxenye ezinejiyomethri ehlangene ye-weld.Izingxenye ezimbili ezizoshiselwa zifakwa ku-tooling exhunywe kumapuleti amabili aphikisanayo omshini wokunyathelisa.Ipuleti elishisayo, elinomumo ohambisana nejiyomethri ehlanganyelwe ye-weld yezingxenye ezishiselwe, ihanjiswa endaweni phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili.Amapuleti amabili aphikisanayo ahambisa izingxenye ukuthi zihlangane nepuleti elishisayo kuze kube yilapho ukushisa kuthambisa izixhumanisi endaweni yokuncibilika kwepulasitiki.Uma lesi simo sifezwa i-hot plate iyasuswa, futhi izingxenye zicindezelwe ndawonye futhi zibanjwe kuze kube yilapho i-weld joint iphola futhi iphinde iqinise ukuze kwakhiwe isibopho esihlala njalo.
Imishini yokushisela ipuleti elishisayo ivamise ukulawulwa ngomoya, ngogesi, noma ngogesi ngama-servo motors.
Le nqubo isetshenziselwa ukushisela izimoto ngaphansi kwezingxenye ze-hood, izinto zokunquma ingaphakathi lezimoto, izinto zokuhlunga zezokwelapha, izinto zikagesi zabathengi, nezinye izinto zangaphakathi zemoto.
High frequency welding
I-High Frequency welding, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Dielectric Sealing noma i-Radio Frequency (RF) Heat Sealing ubuchwepheshe obuvuthwe kakhulu obulokhu bukhona kusukela ngawo-1940s.Amaza kagesi ayizindilinga eziphakeme kakhulu kububanzi be-Radio Frequencies angashisisa ama-polymer athile aze athambise amapulasitiki ukuze ahlangane.Amapulasitiki ashisayo, ngaphansi kwengcindezi ashisela ndawonye.Ukushisa kukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwe-polymer ngokuhlelwa kabusha okusheshayo kwamanye amakhemikhali e-dipoles we-polymer, okusho ukuthi ukushisa kungenziwa endaweni, futhi inqubo ingaqhubeka.
I-induction welding
Uma isivikelo sikagesi, njengepulasitiki, sishunyekwe ngento ene-conductivity ephezulu kagesi, njengezinsimbi noma amafayibha ekhabhoni, i-induction welding ingenziwa.Imishini yokushisela iqukethe ikhoyili yokungeniswa efakwa amandla kagesi wamaza omsakazo.Lokhu kukhiqiza inkambu ye-electromagnetic esebenza kunoma iyiphi into eqhutshwa ugesi noma i-ferromagnetic workpiece.Ku-workpiece eqhutshwa ngogesi, umthelela omkhulu wokushisa ukushisa okuphikisayo, okubangelwa amaza omoya abizwa ngokuthi ama-eddy currents.Induction welding of carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic materials ubuchwepheshe obuvame ukusetshenziswa embonini ye-aerospace.
Ocwecweni lokusebenza lwe-ferromagnetic, amapulasitiki angashiselwa ngokuwabumba ngezinhlanganisela zensimbi noma ze-ferromagnetic, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-susceptors.Lawa ma-susceptors amunca amandla kazibuthe kagesi kukhoyili yokungeniswa, ashise, futhi alahlekelwe amandla azo okushisa ezintweni ezizungezile ngokuqhutshwa kwe-thermal.
Umjovo welding
Ukushisela umjovo kuyafana/kufana nokushisela i-extrusion, ngaphandle kokuthi, kusetshenziswa amathiphu athile kusishiseli esiphathwayo, umuntu angafaka ithiphu emigodini yepulasitiki enobukhulu obuhlukahlukene futhi ayipeshise kusukela ngaphakathi nangaphandle.Inzuzo ukuthi akukho ukufinyelela okudingekayo ngemuva kwembobo yesici.Okuhlukile yi-patch, ngaphandle kokuthi isichibi asikwazi ukugaywa ngesanti ngepulasitiki ezungezile yasekuqaleni ukuze ilingane.I-PE ne-PP ifaneleka kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwenqubo.I-Drader injectiweld iyisibonelo sethuluzi elinjalo.
Ukushisa kwe-ultrasonic
Ku-welding ye-ultrasonic, imvamisa ephezulu (15 kHz kuya ku-40 kHz) i-amplitude vibration ephansi isetshenziselwa ukudala ukushisa ngendlela yokungqubuzana phakathi kwezinto okumele zihlanganiswe.I-interface yezingxenye ezimbili iklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukugxilisa amandla ukuze uthole amandla aphezulu okushisela.I-Ultrasonic ingasetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izinto zepulasitiki.Ubuchwepheshe bokuvalwa kokushisa obusheshayo obutholakalayo.
I-friction welding
Ku-friction welding, izingxenye ezimbili ezizohlanganiswa zihlikihlwa ndawonye ngemvamisa ephansi (imvamisa i-100-300 Hz) kanye ne-amplitude ephakeme (imvamisa i-1 kuya ku-2 mm (0.039 kuya ku-0.079 in)) kune-ultrasonic welding.Ukungqubuzana okubangelwa ukunyakaza okuhlangene nokucindezela kokubopha phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili kudala ukushisa okuqala ukuncibilikisa izindawo zokuthintana phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili.Kuleli qophelo, izinto ezenziwe ngepulasitiki ziqala ukwakha izingqimba ezihlanganayo, okwenza kube ne-weld eqinile.Lapho kuqedwa ukunyakaza kokudlidliza, izingxenye zihlala zibambene ndawonye kuze kuphole ijoyinti le-weld futhi ipulasitiki encibilikisiwe iphinde iqine.Ukunyakaza kwe-friction kungaba ngomugqa noma i-orbital, futhi umklamo ohlangene wezingxenye ezimbili kufanele uvumele lokhu kunyakaza.
Spin welding
I-spin welding iwuhlobo oluthile lwe-frictional welding.Ngale nqubo, ingxenye eyodwa ene-round weld joint ibanjwe imile, kuyilapho ingxenye yokukhwelana izungezwa ngesivinini esikhulu futhi icindezelwe engxenyeni emile.Ukungqubuzana okujikelezayo phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili kudala ukushisa.Uma izindawo ezihlanganisayo sezifinyelele esimweni sokuncibilika kancane, ingxenye yokuphotha iyamiswa kungazelelwe.Ukuphoqa ezingxenyeni ezimbili kuyagcinwa kuze kube yilapho ijoyinti le-weld liphola futhi liqina kabusha.Lena indlela evamile yokukhiqiza amasondo epulasitiki asebenza kancane naphakathi nendawo, isb, amathoyizi, izinqola zokuthenga, imigqomo egaywa kabusha, njll. Le nqubo iphinde isetshenziselwe ukushisela izimbobo zembobo ezehlukene zibe yizimoto ngaphansi kwezingxenye ze-hood.
I-laser welding
Le nqubo idinga ingxenye eyodwa ukuthi idlulise ku-laser beam futhi enye ingxenye imunce noma i-coating esixhumi esibonakalayo ukuze imunce ugongolo.Izingxenye ezimbili zifakwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngenkathi i-laser beam ihamba ngomugqa wokujoyina.I-beam idlula engxenyeni yokuqala futhi imuncwe enye noma i-coating ukuze ikhiqize ukushisa okwanele ukuze kuthambise isixhumi esibonakalayo okudala ukushisela okuhlala njalo.
Ama-lasers we-semiconductor diode ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ekushiseleni ipulasitiki.Amaza amaza ebangeni lama-808 nm kuya ku-980 nm angasetshenziswa ukujoyina inhlanganisela yezinto zepulasitiki ezahlukahlukene.Amazinga wamandla asuka ngaphansi kuka-1W ukuya ku-100W ayadingeka kuye ngezinto zokwakha, ukujiya kanye nesivinini senqubo oyifunayo.
I-Solvent Welding
Ekushiseleni i-solvent, kusetshenziswa i-solvent engancibilikisa i-polymer okwesikhashana ekamelweni lokushisa.Uma lokhu kwenzeka, amaketanga e-polymer akhululekile ukuhamba oketshezini futhi angahlangana namanye amaketanga ancibilike ngendlela efanayo kwenye ingxenye.Uma kunikezwe isikhathi esanele, i-solvent izongena nge-polymer futhi iphumele emvelweni, ukuze amaketanga alahlekelwe ukuhamba kwawo.Lokhu kushiya inqwaba eqinile yamaketanga e-polymer ahilelekile akha i-solvent weld.
Le nqubo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ipayipi le-PVC ne-ABS, njengakumapayipi asendlini."Ukunamathisela" ndawonye kwamamodeli epulasitiki (i-polycarbonate, i-polystyrene noma i-ABS) nakho kuyinqubo yokushisela okuncibilikayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-10-2018