Indlela yokuphotha yenkampani yenethiwekhi
1.Ukuphotha okumanzi2.Ukuphotha okomile
3.Melt ukuphotha indlela
Ukuphotha okumanziUkuphotha okumanzi kwe-PTFE ngokuvamile ku-viscose noma i-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) njengesithwali, xuba ne-PTFE powder noma i-emulsion dispersion, bese wengeza inani elincane le-boric acid, wenze isixazululo sokuphotha, wenze ukuphotha okumanzi, ikhanda elijikelezayo elifakwe ku-sodium sulfate ne-ammonium. I-sulfate coagulation bath, i-dope evela ku-nozzle ebhavini lokuhlanganisa iqiniswe yaba i-fiber, i-fiber ngemva kokuvuza i-roller yamanzi athambile, futhi ngemva kwe-roller yokomisa kanye ne-roller yokomisa ngokulandelana, ku-380 ~ 400 ℃ ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-sintering, susa i-PVA carrier carbide, welula ukwenza I-PTFE fibre ngaphansi kuka-350 ℃.Le ndlela yokuphotha inqubo yokuchitha inzima, izindleko eziphezulu zokucubungula kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi kudla isikhathi.UGuo Yu-hai nabanye basungula indlela eshesha kakhulu yokulungiselela i-PTFE fiber.Le ndlela izoqala ngokuhlanganisa ngokulinganayo inqwaba yamangqamuzana e-solvent ephilayo eguquguqukayo namanzi, ngaphansi kwesimo sokunyakaziswa nge-PVA, qhubeka ugovuze kuze kuqedwe ngokuphelele, ingxube yesisombululo samanzi se-PVA.Khona-ke isixazululo samanzi se-PVA ne-persulfate, i-PTFE ukuhlakazeka kokuxuba ukufana, i-dope.Bese i-borate noma i-boric acid incibilika emanzini, ngokulungiswa kwe-pH ye-alkali njenge-alkali, ukugeza okuhlanganisiwe kwengxube.Ekugcineni yamukele okokusebenza okumanzi kokuphotha kwejwayelekile , uketshezi oluphotha oludlulisela emlonyeni, ngokusebenzisa i-metering futha metering, ukuphotha okuqondile kubhavu wokuhlanganisa, bese ukomisa, ukucwilisa kanye nokunwebeka, i-PTFE fiber yenziwa.
Ukuphotha okomile
Le ndlela ijeli ye-PTFE yabonwa ngokuphotha okomile.I-PTFE iwukuhlakazwa okugxilile okokuqala kanye ne-PVA ehlanganisiwe, engeza isilawuli sejeli i-boric acid noma usawoti we-Borate nama-alkali alungise i-pH ibe yi-alkaline, enyakazisa ekwandeni okungazelelwe kwe-viscosity kanye nokwakheka kwejeli, kuyisixazululo sokuphotha.Bese uyomisa usebenzisa imishini yokuphotha evamile, ingcindezi yegesi noma uketshezi lokuphotha ngezikulufu ekhanda eliphothayo, likalwa ngamaphampu amamitha, ukuphotha okomile, bese omisiwe, ingxube elungiselelwe ye-PTFE ne-PVA fiber.Ekugcineni kusetshenziswa imishini ye-sintering evamile neyokwelula, izohlanganiswa i-sintering ukuze isuse i-PVA fiber, ekugcineni ngemva kokwelula inqubo yokwelula, ukulungiselela i-PTFE fiber.
Indlela yokuphotha yenkampani yenethiwekhi iyindlela evuthiwe kakhulu yokulungiselela i-PTFE fibre, futhi ibe ngeyodwa yezinkampani ezimbalwa ezibona ukuthuthuka kwezimboni.Phakathi kwazo, inkampani yaseJapane i-toray isebenzisa ingxenye enkulu ye-60%, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ojwayelekile wawungu-0. 3 microns we-PTFE, kanye nengxenye enkulu ye-2% ye-sodium alginic acid aqueous solution ye-emulsoid exutshwe ukuphotha, i-fiber by coagulation, ukugeza futhi ngemva ukuwasha, ukomisa, nangaphansi kuka-380 ℃ ukwelula okushisayo, ukususwa kwe-alginic acid sodium, zuza i-PTFE fiber, ukuminyana kwayo komugqa we-monofilament okungu-0. 67 dtex namandla okuphuka kwe-l.25 cN/dtex, ubude ngesikhathi sekhefu kufika ku-59%, indlela yokuphotha i-dope spinnability engcono kune-viscose njengomthwali we-PTFE dope spinnability.Izimboni ze-Showa, ukusetshenziswa kwengxenye enkulu ye-114 ye-60% PT - 100 FE e-emulsion ehlakaziwe kanye ne-cellulose yengxenye enkulu ye-8.9% ye-viscose spinning solution spinning, ngemva kokuqina kwemicu ephuma emanzini, cindezela uketshezi, nge-0. 05 mol/ Ukucutshungulwa kwe-L Na0H, nokwelashwa kwefayibha yokushisa ngaphansi kuka-280 ℃ nokwelula okushisayo ngaphansi kuka-320 ℃, ukwelashwa kokushisa kokugcina okungu-72 h ngaphansi kuka-320 ℃, amandla okuphuka kwefayibha angu-1. 16 cN/dtex ubude ngesikhathi sekhefu kwaba ngu-16.1%.Ukwengeza, isitshalo sokubonisa saseBeijing sizoba yingxenyana engu-60% ye-PTFE emulsion kanye nengxenye engu-10% yesisindo sesixazululo se-PVA ngesilinganiso esingu-1:1.5 ukuphotha kwesixazululo sokuphotha, ngemva kokuqiniswa kwe-fiber nge-acetal, ukuwasha, ukomisa, ukucwilisa nokunwebeka I-PTFE fiber system.
Ukusika indlela yokuhlukanisa ifilimu Ukusika indlela yokuqhekeka kwefilimu ekuqaleni kwawo-1970 yinkampani yase-Austrian Lenzing ukuthuthukiswa kanye nezimboni, ekulungiseni i-PTFE fiber, kudingeka kwenziwe i-PTFE powder sinter cylindrical PTFE parison, ukuyisika ngogqinsi oluthile lwefilimu, futhi bese ngethuluzi eliyi-srrated elihlukaniswe ngosilika, ngaphezu kwendawo encibilikayo (327 ℃) sintering, bese ngokunwebeka bese ekugcineni kuba nokwelashwa kokushisa kwefayibha ye-PTFE.Le ndlela ingathola i-fiber enesakhiwo se-microporous, namandla aphezulu.I-Multifilament ingasetshenziswa njengento yokugcwalisa uphawu, imicu emifushane, ingasetshenziswa enaliti ezwakele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ifilimu ye-PTFE noma ishidi kungabuye kusikwe kube ububanzi obuncane, bese iqondisa indwangu encane eqinile eyenziwe ngamafayibha anamandla e-PTFE.Kodwa kunzima ukugcina umfaniswano otholwe ngokusika eduze kwesiqondiso se-longitudinal ngokusebenzisa ububanzi obuncane bendwangu, futhi indwangu emincane ivame ukuqeda ingxenye ye-fibril, ukunwebeka okuningi ngendwangu emincane ye-PTFE imicu ephukile kalula noma ngokusika ingxenye endaweni ye-longitudinal. yefilimu kukhona i-filament PTFE membrane orientation.Eceleni kolwelwesi lwesiqondiso se-longitudinal nasendleleni ephambanayo yefilimu enomumo we-az noma umumo we-convex womugqa oqoshiwe futhi wasikwa, umcu owumphumela ohlanganisa ama-fibril angawodwana aphuke kancane abusa isakhiwo senethiwekhi.Imicu ye-PTFE ikhiqize ngale ndlela ama-fibrils angawodwana anosayizi omncane omaphakathi nosayizi ofanayo.
I-Japan Asahi ye-Into Corporation ngokusika ifilimu i-crack esemthethweni ibe namandla okwelula aphezulu, kanye nokusebenza kwamakhemikhali okumelana kuhle kakhulu kwentambo ye-PTFE.izoqukatha isilinganiso sembobo esingu-48% wefilimu ye-PTFE idabuke ibe ngu-222 dtex wefiber, futhi ekujikeni kwayo okungeziwe kuya ku-750 twist/m, ngo-440 ℃ kanye no-1 000 m/min stretch stretch, ithole ukuminyana komugqa wefayibha ngama-55 dtex, futhi iqukethe izinga lomgodi 1%, imodulus ifika ku-294 cN/dtex.
Namathisela indlela yokuphotha ye-extrusionNamathisela ukuphotha kwe-extrusion ngokuvamile i-PTFE powder 16% ~ 25% enengxenye enkulu yezingxube zamafutha aguquguqukayo, shuna ube unamathisele, owenziwe ngemibungu emise okwenziwe ngaphambilini, futhi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile ngokusebenzisa i-spinneret enomucu wokuphotha kwe-die extrusion, bese emva kwalokho. ngokomisa, ukucwilisa, ukwelula okuphezulu ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, intambo emhlophe engafaniswanga.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba futhi ngawakhamela ifilimu extrusion imishini noma emapheshana mncane, ke ngenqubo rolling ukususa izithasiselo, futhi ukusika longitudinal, umdwebo futhi Fluffy ngemva kokucubungula, kukhona PTFE imicu zenziwa unama extrusion of odongeni elincanyana, ububanzi encane kanye permeability of PTFE. i-fiber engenalutho.I-PTFE powder ezimeni ezingaphansi kwendawo yayo yokuncibilika eyenziwe nge-PTFE i-fiber engenalutho, yase idubula imizuzu engu-10 ku-350 ℃, 250 ℃ ngaphansi kuka-400%, yayingu-0.76 mm ububanzi obungaphakathi nobukhulu bodonga obungu-0.10 mm, ububanzi obungaphansi kuka-0.15 mm imicu engenalutho.
Ngo-1997, uM. Shimizu uhlongoza indlela yokulungisa amandla aphezulu kanye nemicu ye-PTFE ngokunamathisela i-extrusion.Kwengezwe engxenyeni ye-PTFE powder mass 20% yezinto zokugcoba, i-embryo, i-extrusion, ithole ucingo olulodwa, ukwelashwa okushisayo bese kuba ngu-350 ℃ 1.5h, kanye no-387 ℃ kuya ku-50 mm/min wesivinini esinwebeka izikhathi ezingu-10, ithole amandla angu-1.56 ~ 2.82 GPa PTFE imicu.
Impushana ye-PTFE yaxutshwa ne-lubricant (amafutha e-isoparafini i-Isopar-E) ukuze kwakheke inhlama, ime kokuthi 0 ℃ 180 h at 40 ℃ ikhambi 30 h, yenza ingxube igcwale futhi ivuvuke, bese ucindezela i-embryo kanye ne-extrusion , ubambe 2 h. ngaphansi kuka-340 ℃, bese kuba ngu-0. 5 c/min isivinini phansi kuya ekamelweni lokushisa, ekugcineni ukunwebeka ukuze ungene ku-370 c PTFE fiber, 3.5 ~ 4.0 cN/dtex amandla okuphuka, ubude ngesikhathi sekhefu ngu-22%.
Melt ukuphotha indlela
I-Melt spinning ingukuqukethwe kwe-PTFE kuya ku-4% ~5% we-perfluorinated ethylene copolymer ye-perfluoro-n-propyl ether exutshwe ukuphotha okuncibilikayo, ngemva kokuphothwa ngemishini yokukhipha isikulufu iphampa imbobo yomjovo wengcindezi yobuningi, iyenze ibe umfudlana omuhle emoyeni, nokupholisa. esiteshini sokuphotha ocingweni.Imicu ye-PTFE inamandla aphezulu ale ndlela, kodwa isakhiwo se-PTFE supermolecular siyashintsha ngemva kokuncibilika, okuholela ekudukeni kwayo kwanyamalala futhi ukwelulwa kwe-molecular chain orientation kuvinjiwe, kanye ne-PTFE high viscosity kanye nokuguquguquka okubonakalayo, i-PTFE ncibilikisa i-fiber elungiselelwe i-screw extruder ukuze iqhathanise ngokuqondile nzima, okunzima ukufeza intuthuko yezimboni.Indlela ye-plunger extrusion ingabunqoba lobu bunzima.I-plunger kunqubo ye-extrusion, ngenxa yamandla angaphezulu aphansi kakhulu e-PTFE kanye nesenzakalo sokushelela odongeni, yehlisa ukugunda okungadingekile enqubweni yokugeleza, ukuze ibe ku-PTFE ncibilikisa ukuphotha.U-Li Min kanye nomunye umuntu enyuvesi yase-Donghua, balungiswa yi-PTFE fiber enesisindo samangqamuzana aphezulu.I-Tervoort ngesisindo samangqamuzana esihlobene esiphakeme njenge-PTFE ne-PTFE exutshwe nesisindo samangqamuzana aphansi, ukucubungula ukuncibilika, ukulungiselela i-PTFE filament.Izakhiwo zemicu ye-PTFE zikhiqize ngale ndlela embi kakhulu kunaleyo ye-PTFE fiber enesisindo samangqamuzana aphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-04-2018