I-PTFE ibizwa ngokuthi “inkosi yamapulasitiki”.U-Roy Planck, uyise we-fluororesin, waqala ukutadisha ama-substitutes kaFreon e-DuPont e-United States ngo-1936. Baqoqa ingxenye ye-tetrafluoroethylene futhi bayigcina emabhodleleni ensimbi, belungiselela ukuhlolwa okulandelayo ngosuku olulandelayo, Kodwa lapho i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi. we-cylinder wavulwa ngakusasa, kwakungekho ukuchichima kwegesi.Babecabanga ukuthi iyavuza, kodwa lapho bekala isilinda, bathola ukuthi isilinda sasingehlile isisindo.Basaha ibhodlela lensimbi bathola inani elikhulu lempushana emhlophe, okwakuyi-polytetrafluoroethylene (teflon).
I-PTFE ibizwa ngokuthi “inkosi yamapulasitiki”.U-Roy Planck, uyise we-fluororesin, waqala ukutadisha ama-substitutes kaFreon e-DuPont e-United States ngo-1936. Baqoqa ingxenye ye-tetrafluoroethylene futhi bayigcina emabhodleleni ensimbi, belungiselela ukuhlolwa okulandelayo ngosuku olulandelayo, Kodwa lapho i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi. we-cylinder wavulwa ngakusasa, kwakungekho ukuchichima kwegesi.Babecabanga ukuthi iyavuza, kodwa lapho bekala isilinda, bathola ukuthi isilinda sasingehlile isisindo.Basaha ibhodlela lensimbi bathola inani elikhulu lempushana emhlophe, okwakuyi-polytetrafluoroethylene (teflon).
Izici nezakhiwo:
Izici zemishini ze-PTFE zithambile.I-PTFE inochungechunge lwezindawo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu:
- Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu:izinga lokushisa lokusebenzisa isikhathi eside lama-200 ~ 260 degrees;
- Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi:namanje ithambile at -100 degrees;
- Ukumelana nokugqwala:ukumelana ne-aqua regia nazo zonke izinyibilikisi eziphilayo;
- Ukumelana nesimo sezulu:impilo enhle yokuguga epulasitiki;
- Ukugcoba okuphezulu:ubuncane be-coefficient of friction (0.04) kumapulasitiki;
- I-Non-viscous:ukungezwani okuncane kwendawo ezintweni eziqinile ngaphandle kokunamathela kunoma iyiphi into;
- Ayinabuthi:ene-inertia ye-physiological kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zikagesi, iyinto ekahle yokwahlukanisa i-C-Class, ungqimba oluwugqinsi lwephephandaba lungavimba amandla kagesi aphezulu angu-1500V.Bushelelezi kuneqhwa.
I-friction coefficient ye-PTFE incane kakhulu, i-1/5 kuphela yaleyo ye-polyethylene, okuyisici esibalulekile se-perfluorocarbon surface.Futhi ngenxa yokuthi amandla ama-inter molecular eketango le-fluorine-carbon aphansi kakhulu, i-PTFE ayibonakali.I-PTFE igcina izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi lika -196 kuya ku-260 ° C. Esinye sezici ze-perfluorocarbon polymers ukuthi awashwabanisi emazingeni okushisa aphansi.I-PTFE inokuminyana okuphezulu kwe-2.14-2.20g / cm3, cishe akukho ukumuncwa kwamanzi, futhi izinga lokumunca amanzi elilinganayo lingaphansi kuka-0.01%.I-PTFE iyi-polymer evamile ethambile futhi ebuthakathaka.Amandla adonsela phansi ahlanganayo phakathi kwama-macromolecules mancane, futhi ukuqina, ubulukhuni, namandla kuncane.Izokhubaza ngaphansi kwengcindezi yesikhathi eside.
Ukubuka konke kwezobuchwepheshe
Ukumiswa kwe-polymerization:kugedlela le-polymerization, amanzi asetshenziswa njengendawo ephakathi, i-ammonium persulfate esetshenziswa njengesiqalisi, kanye ne-dilute hydrochloric acid esetshenziswa njenge-activator, i-tetrafluoroethylene yenziwa i-polymerized ngengcindezi engu-0.5-2 MPa kanye ne-40-45 ℃ ukuthola izinhlayiya ezimhlophe, futhi thola i-polytetrafluoroethylene eyimpuphu enobukhulu bezinhlayiyana ezihlukene ngemva kokugaya, ukugaya, nokomisa.
I-polymerization yokusabalalisa:Inani elincane le-dispersant (ammonium perfluorooctanoate) kanye ne-stabilizer (inhlanganisela ye-fluorocarbon) yengezwa ukuze kuqaliswe i-polymerization nge-catalyst ye-redox.I-Polymerization ihlukaniswe ngomfutho ophezulu kanye nengcindezi ephansi.Ingcindezi ephezulu ingu-2 MPa no-25 ℃, kanti ingcindezi ephansi ingu-0.6-0.7 MPa kanye no-0-38 ℃.Isixazululo se-polymerization se-polytetrafluoroethylene sikhiqizwa yi-polymerization ye-dispersion, futhi i-dispersion resin itholakala ngokuhlangana, ukomiswa, nokuhlola.Ngokusebenzisa i-polymerization ye-dispersion, ngaphansi kwesenzo samanzi angenayo i-ion kanye nezinsiza ezihlukahlukene, i-emulsion emhlophe iyakhiwa.I-emulsion iyahwamuka futhi igxilwe ngegedlela lokuhlushwa ukuze yakhe uketshezi olugxilile, okungukuthi, i-emulsion ehlakazekile.
I-Dispersion resin inokucubungula ukusebenza okungcono nokusebenza komkhiqizo.I-Polytetrafluoroethylene i-refractory futhi ayinamanzi amancane.Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana zayo kanye nokuma kwezinhlayiyana kunethonya elibalulekile ekuncibilikeni kwe-ncibilika, izakhiwo zayo zokucubungula kanye nezakhiwo zomkhiqizo.Umehluko kwikhwalithi yama-resin amisiwe kanye nama-resin ahlakazekile ngenxa yobukhulu bezinhlayiyana, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana, kanye ne-particle morphology.Owokuqala unosayizi wezinhlayiyana eziyimilimitha, kanti lena yakamuva inosayizi we-submicron (250-350nm).Ama-resin amisiwe angabunjwa futhi acutshungulwe, kodwa awakwazi ukukhishwa ngendlela yokunamathisela, kuyilapho ama-resin ahlakaziwe angasetshenziswa ukuze unamathisele extrusion.Isisindo samangqamuzana nokucwebezela kwezinhlaka ezihlakazayo ze-PTFE ngokuvamile ziphakeme kunalezo zamarensi amisiwe, anobucwebe obufika ku-96-98%, futhi ukuphila kokukhathala okugobayo kuyinde izikhathi ezingu-2300 kunaleyo yama-resin amisiwe.
Usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-resin ehlakazekile okhiqizwa i-emulsion polymerization mncane, ukusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana kunengqondo, futhi i-particle morphology iyalawuleka, ngakho-ke ngokusebenza kahle kokucubungula nokusebenza komkhiqizo.
Njengamanje, cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ze-PTFE resins zikhiqizwa ngendlela yokumiswa kanye nengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ngendlela yokusabalalisa.
Ngo-2019, kunezinkampani ezikhiqiza i-PTFE ezifuywayo eziyi-12 ezinenani eliphelele lamathani ayi-140,000 ngonyaka, ezibalwa ngaphezu kwama-40% wamandla okukhiqiza emhlabeni jikelele.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umthamo wokukhiqiza we-PTFE waseChina uwukubumba umjovo webanga eliphakathi nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi.
Umthamo wokukhiqiza we-PTFE waseChina ugxile kakhulu.Izinkampani eziyisithupha eziphezulu embonini zenza cishe amaphesenti angama-83 engqikithi yokukhiqiza.Umholi wemboni, i-Dongyue Group, ithatha cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yesabelo semakethe.
Ngo-2019, kulinganiselwa ukuthi okukhiphayo kwe-PTFE yasekhaya kungamathani angama-90,000, ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni yokubumba esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo nesezingeni eliphansi, futhi izinga eliphezulu le-PTFE le-resin localization liphansi kakhulu, elincike kakhulu ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe. umthengisi ophelele we-PTFE.Ngo-2004, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwe-PTFE waseShayina weqa umthamo wokungenisa, futhi umthamo wawo wakhula kakhulu kusukela ngo-2010 kuya ku-2012, futhi umthamo wayo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla ukhuphuka unyaka nonyaka.Ngo-2010, umthamo wokuthekelisa we-PTFE waseShayina weqa amathani angu-20,000 okokuqala ngqa futhi uhlala ucishe ube ngamathani angu-20,000 ngonyaka kuze kube manje.Umthamo wokungenisa uye wagcina isikali esizinzile samathani angu-5000-6000, lapho u-70-80% we-PTFE engenisiwe uphezulu. -ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo eguquliwe ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zezimboni ezansi nomfula zemikhiqizo ye-PTFE ephezulu.Njengamanje, i-PTFE yaseChina ephezulu ihlinzekwa ikakhulukazi izinkampani zangaphandle ezifanaDaikineJapan,I-DuPonte-United States.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko ze-5G
Ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana be-5G, isidingo sokuhambisana nemvamisa ephezulu kanye nezinto eziphansi ze-dielectric nazo ziyanda.Izinto ze-Fluorine zine-insulation enhle kakhulu futhi aziphazanyiswa kalula ngamaza omsakazo we-high-frequency.Ama-Fluoropolymers anezakhiwo ezinhle eziphansi ze-dielectric kanye nezici zokulahlekelwa okuphansi ngaphansi kwezimo ze-high-frequency.Bangakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngamafrikhwensi aphezulu kanye nokusebenza kwesivinini esiphezulu sezikhungo zedatha, imibhoshongo yokudlulisa amasignali, nezinto zokusebenza zomuntu siqu zikagesi.Ngakho-ke, ngokusheshisa kwe-5G, isidingo semakethe sama-fluoropolymers asebenza kahle kakhulu siyakhula.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko yizintambo ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu ze-5G, ama-semiconductors, ama-PCB kanye nezingxenye ze-antenna.
Ikhebula le-high-frequency kanye nesivinini esikhulu
I-Teflon resin ithuthukisa ukusebenza kukagesi kwezingxenye ze-cable insulation kanye namabhantshi futhi ibanikeze ukuphepha komlilo okungenakuqhathaniswa.Lezi zici zibaluleke kakhulu kumasistimu ezintambo(njengekhebula lesivinini esikhulu) kumanethiwekhi endawo (LAN), izikhungo zedatha, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhumana ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, ama-fluoropolymers azosetshenziswa emigqeni yokudlulisa imvamisa ephezulu enemisebenzi eminingi, amavolumu amakhulu okudluliswa kwedatha, kanye nencazelo ephezulu.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor
I-5G ithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-semiconductor futhi ishintsha izidingo zemboni.Ama-polymer we-PTFE nawo adlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza ze-semiconductor.
PCB kanye nezingxenye ze-antenna
Esikhathini se-5G, amabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe (ama-PCB) azoncika kakhulu ezintweni ezisebenza kahle ze-fluoropolymer, ezingathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudluliselwa kwe-5G.I-PTFE isetshenziselwa izingxenye zangaphambi kokulungiswa kwama-PCB namasistimu wezinti ukuze kuzuzwe uxhumo lwe-high-frequency.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-26-2019